वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-6, chapter-17, verse-7

एषां वानरमुख्यानां के शूराः के महाबलाः ।
के पूर्वमभिवर्तन्ते महोत्साहाः समन्ततः ॥७॥

7. eṣāṃ vānaramukhyānāṃ ke śūrāḥ ke mahābalāḥ ,
ke pūrvamabhivartante mahotsāhāḥ samantataḥ.

7. eṣām vānaramukhyānām ke śūrāḥ ke mahābalāḥ
ke pūrvam abhivartante mahotsāhāḥ samantataḥ

7. eṣām vānaramukhyānām ke śūrāḥ ke mahābalāḥ
ke mahotsāhāḥ samantataḥ pūrvam abhivartante

7. Among these prominent monkeys, who are the valiant warriors? Who are the immensely powerful ones? Who advance to the forefront with great enthusiasm from all directions?

Words meanings summery:

• एषाम् (eṣām) - among these (of these, among these)

• वानरामुख्यानाम् (vānarāmukhyānām) - prominent monkeys (of the chief monkeys, among the prominent monkeys)

• के (ke) - who (who, which, what (plural))

• शूराः (śūrāḥ) - valiant warriors (heroes, valiant ones, warriors)

• के (ke) - who (who, which, what (plural))

• महाबलाः (mahābalāḥ) - immensely powerful ones (very powerful, mighty, strong)

• के (ke) - who (who, which, what (plural))

• पूर्वम् (pūrvam) - to the forefront (before, formerly, in front, eastward)

• अभिवर्तन्ते (abhivartante) - advance (they advance, they proceed, they come forward)

• महोत्साहाः (mahotsāhāḥ) - with great enthusiasm (highly enthusiastic, greatly vigorous)

• समन्ततः (samantataḥ) - from all directions (from all sides, all around, everywhere)

Words meanings and morphology

एषाम् (eṣām) - among these (of these, among these)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of idam

idam - this, these

Note: Refers to 'vānarāmukhyānām'.

वानरामुख्यानाम् (vānarāmukhyānām) - prominent monkeys (of the chief monkeys, among the prominent monkeys)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of vānarāmukhya

vānarāmukhya - chief of monkeys, prominent monkey

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (vānara+mukhya)

• vānara – monkey, ape
  noun (masculine)
• mukhya – chief, principal, foremost, prominent
  adjective (masculine)

के (ke) - who (who, which, what (plural))

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of kim

kim - who, which, what, why

शूराः (śūrāḥ) - valiant warriors (heroes, valiant ones, warriors)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of śūra

śūra - hero, valiant, brave, warrior

के (ke) - who (who, which, what (plural))

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of kim

kim - who, which, what, why

महाबलाः (mahābalāḥ) - immensely powerful ones (very powerful, mighty, strong)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of mahābala

mahābala - very powerful, mighty, strong, great strength

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+bala)

• mahā – great, mighty, vast
  adjective (feminine)
• bala – strength, power, force
  noun (neuter)

के (ke) - who (who, which, what (plural))

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of kim

kim - who, which, what, why

पूर्वम् (pūrvam) - to the forefront (before, formerly, in front, eastward)

(indeclinable)

Note: Used adverbially.

अभिवर्तन्ते (abhivartante) - advance (they advance, they proceed, they come forward)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, middle, present (Laṭ) of vṛt

Present tense (Laṭ), 3rd person plural, Ātmanepada

Derived from root √vṛt (to turn, exist) with prefix 'abhi'

Prefix: abhi

Root: vṛt (class 1)

महोत्साहाः (mahotsāhāḥ) - with great enthusiasm (highly enthusiastic, greatly vigorous)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of mahotsāha

mahotsāha - highly enthusiastic, greatly vigorous, great energy

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahat+utsāha)

• mahat – great, large, mighty
  adjective (neuter)
• utsāha – enthusiasm, energy, courage, effort
  noun (masculine)
  Prefix: ud
  Root: sah

Note: Modifies the implied subject of 'abhivartante'.

समन्ततः (samantataḥ) - from all directions (from all sides, all around, everywhere)

(indeclinable)

Adverb formed from 'samanta' (all around)