वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-6, chapter-17, verse-15

यस्य लाङ्गूलशब्देन स्वनन्तीव दिशो दश ।
एष वानरराजेन सुर्ग्रीवेणाभिषेचितः ।
यौवराज्ये ऽङ्गदो नाम त्वामाह्वयति संयुगे ॥१५॥

15. yasya lāṅgūlaśabdena svanantīva diśo daśa ,
eṣa vānararājena surgrīveṇābhiṣecitaḥ ,
yauvarājye'ṅgado nāma tvāmāhvayati saṃyuge.

15. yasya lāṅgūlaśabdena svananti iva
diśaḥ daśa eṣa vānararājena
sugrīveṇa abhiṣecitaḥ yauvarājye
aṅgadaḥ nāma tvām āhvayati saṃyuge

15. yasya lāṅgūlaśabdena daśa diśaḥ
iva svananti eṣa aṅgadaḥ nāma
vānararājena sugrīveṇa yauvarājye
abhiṣecitaḥ tvām saṃyuge āhvayati

15. At the sound of whose tail, the ten directions seem to resound. This one, named Aṅgada, consecrated as crown prince by the monkey king Sugrīva, challenges you in battle.

Words meanings summery:

• यस्य (yasya) - whose, of whom

• लाङ्गूलशब्देन (lāṅgūlaśabdena) - by the sound of the tail

• स्वनन्ति (svananti) - they resound, they make noise

• इव (iva) - as if, like, as it were

• दिशः (diśaḥ) - directions

• दश (daśa) - ten

• एष (eṣa) - this (masculine singular nominative)

• वानरराजेन (vānararājena) - by the monkey king

• सुग्रीवेण (sugrīveṇa) - by Sugrīva

• अभिषेचितः (abhiṣecitaḥ) - consecrated, installed, anointed

• यौवराज्ये (yauvarājye) - in the crown principality, in the position of crown prince

• अङ्गदः (aṅgadaḥ) - Aṅgada (name)

• नाम (nāma) - by name, named

• त्वाम् (tvām) - you (accusative singular)

• आह्वयति (āhvayati) - challenges in combat (calls, challenges)

• संयुगे (saṁyuge) - in battle, in combat, in engagement

Words meanings and morphology

यस्य (yasya) - whose, of whom

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what

लाङ्गूलशब्देन (lāṅgūlaśabdena) - by the sound of the tail

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of lāṅgūlaśabda

lāṅgūlaśabda - sound of a tail

Compound of lāṅgūla and śabda

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (lāṅgūla+śabda)

• lāṅgūla – tail
  noun (neuter)
• śabda – sound, word, noise
  noun (masculine)
  Root: śabd (class 1)

स्वनन्ति (svananti) - they resound, they make noise

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present indicative (laṭ) of svan

present indicative

From root svan (1st class), parasmaipada

Root: svan (class 1)

इव (iva) - as if, like, as it were

(indeclinable)

Particle of comparison or emphasis

दिशः (diśaḥ) - directions

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, plural of diś

diś - direction, quarter, point of the compass

Root: diś (class 6)

दश (daśa) - ten

(numeral)

Note: Agrees with diśaḥ in number and case.

एष (eṣa) - this (masculine singular nominative)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of etad

etad - this

वानरराजेन (vānararājena) - by the monkey king

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of vānararāja

vānararāja - king of monkeys

Compound of vānara and rāja

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (vānara+rāja)

• vānara – monkey
  noun (masculine)
• rājan – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)
  n-stem noun
  Root: rāj (class 1)

सुग्रीवेण (sugrīveṇa) - by Sugrīva

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of sugrīva

sugrīva - Sugrīva (name of the monkey king)

अभिषेचितः (abhiṣecitaḥ) - consecrated, installed, anointed

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of abhiṣecita

abhiṣecita - consecrated, installed, anointed (as a king/prince)

Past Passive Participle

From root sic 'to sprinkle' with prefix abhi. The 's' becomes 'ṣ' due to sandhi rules after 'i'.

Prefix: abhi

Root: sic (class 6)

यौवराज्ये (yauvarājye) - in the crown principality, in the position of crown prince

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of yauvarājya

yauvarājya - crown principality, office of crown prince

Derived from yuvarāja (crown prince) + -ya suffix for abstract noun

अङ्गदः (aṅgadaḥ) - Aṅgada (name)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of aṅgada

aṅgada - Aṅgada (name of Sugrīva's nephew/son of Vāli)

नाम (nāma) - by name, named

(indeclinable)

Often used as an indeclinable particle meaning 'by name'

Note: Null gender/number/case as it functions adverbially here.

त्वाम् (tvām) - you (accusative singular)

(pronoun)

Accusative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you (2nd person pronoun)

2nd person pronoun

Note: Gender is not specified for yuṣmad pronoun forms.

आह्वयति (āhvayati) - challenges in combat (calls, challenges)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present indicative (laṭ) of āhve

present indicative

From root hve (1st class) with prefix ā, parasmaipada. hve becomes hvā in root forms and then āhve in some conjugations.

Prefix: ā

Root: hve (class 1)

संयुगे (saṁyuge) - in battle, in combat, in engagement

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of saṃyuga

saṁyuga - battle, combat, encounter

Compound of sam (prefix) and yuga (yoke, pair, age, battle)

Compound type : prādi samāsa (sam+yuga)

• sam – with, together, thoroughly
  indeclinable
  Upasarga/prefix
• yuga – yoke, pair, age, battle
  noun (neuter)
  Root: yuj (class 7)