वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-6, chapter-17, verse-16

ये तु विष्टभ्य गात्राणि क्ष्वेडयन्ति नदन्ति च ।
उत्थाय च विजृम्भन्ते क्रोधेन हरिपुंगवाः ॥१६॥

16. ye tu viṣṭabhya gātrāṇi kṣveḍayanti nadanti ca ,
utthāya ca vijṛmbhante krodhena haripuṃgavāḥ.

16. ye tu viṣṭabhya gātrāṇi kṣveḍayanti nadanti ca
utthāya ca vijṛmbhante krodhena haripuṅgavāḥ

16. ye tu haripuṅgavāḥ gātrāṇi viṣṭabhya krodhena
kṣveḍayanti nadanti ca utthāya ca vijṛmbhante

16. Those best of monkeys, however, stiffen their limbs, roar and bellow, and rising up, they display their might with anger.

Words meanings summery:

• ये (ye) - who, those who

• तु (tu) - but, on the other hand, indeed, however

• विष्टभ्य (viṣṭabhya) - having stiffened (their limbs) (having supported, having stiffened, having blocked)

• गात्राणि (gātrāṇi) - limbs, body parts

• क्ष्वेडयन्ति (kṣveḍayanti) - they roar, they bellow, they make a loud noise

• नदन्ति (nadanti) - they shout, they roar, they make a sound

• च (ca) - and, also

• उत्थाय (utthāya) - having risen, having stood up

• च (ca) - and, also

• विजृम्भन्ते (vijṛmbhante) - they stretch themselves, they yawn, they display their might

• क्रोधेन (krodhena) - by anger, with anger

• हरिपुङ्गवाः (haripuṅgavāḥ) - best of monkeys, foremost among monkeys, lion-like monkeys

Words meanings and morphology

ये (ye) - who, those who

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of ya

ya - who, which, what (relative pronoun)

Note: Refers to the plural subject 'haripuṅgavāḥ'.

तु (tu) - but, on the other hand, indeed, however

(indeclinable)

विष्टभ्य (viṣṭabhya) - having stiffened (their limbs) (having supported, having stiffened, having blocked)

(indeclinable)

absolutive (gerund)

formed from root stambh (9th class) with prefix vi-, and suffix -ya

Prefix: vi

Root: stambh (class 9)

गात्राणि (gātrāṇi) - limbs, body parts

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, plural of gātra

gātra - limb, body part

क्ष्वेडयन्ति (kṣveḍayanti) - they roar, they bellow, they make a loud noise

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of kṣveḍay

causative verb

root kṣveḍ (1st class) in causative form kṣveḍayati

Root: kṣveḍ (class 1)

नदन्ति (nadanti) - they shout, they roar, they make a sound

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of nad

root nad (1st class)

Root: nad (class 1)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

उत्थाय (utthāya) - having risen, having stood up

(indeclinable)

absolutive (gerund)

formed from root sthā (1st class) with prefix ut-, and suffix -ya

Prefix: ut

Root: sthā (class 1)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

विजृम्भन्ते (vijṛmbhante) - they stretch themselves, they yawn, they display their might

(verb)

3rd person , plural, middle, present (laṭ) of vijṛmbh

root jṛmbh (1st class, Ātmanepada) with prefix vi-

Prefix: vi

Root: jṛmbh (class 1)

Note: Ātmanepada form.

क्रोधेन (krodhena) - by anger, with anger

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of krodha

krodha - anger, wrath

from root krudh 'to be angry'

Root: krudh (class 4)

हरिपुङ्गवाः (haripuṅgavāḥ) - best of monkeys, foremost among monkeys, lion-like monkeys

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of haripuṅgava

haripuṅgava - best of monkeys, foremost among monkeys

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (hari+puṅgava)

• hari – monkey, ape
  noun (masculine)
• puṅgava – bull, chief, excellent, best
  noun (masculine)