वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-5, chapter-8, verse-30

नृत्तवादित्रकुशला राक्षसेन्द्रभुजाङ्कगाः ।
वराभरणधारिण्यो निषन्ना ददृशे कपिः ॥३०॥

30. nṛttavāditrakuśalā rākṣasendrabhujāṅkagāḥ ,
varābharaṇadhāriṇyo niṣannā dadṛśe kapiḥ.

30. nṛttavāditrakuśalāḥ rākṣasendrabhujāṅkagāḥ
varābharaṇadhāriṇyaḥ niṣaṇnāḥ dadṛśe kapiḥ

30. kapiḥ nṛttavāditrakuśalāḥ rākṣasendrabhujāṅkagāḥ
varābharaṇadhāriṇyaḥ niṣaṇnāḥ dadṛśe

30. The monkey (Hanuman) observed women skilled in dance and music, seated on the arm or lap of the lord of demons (Rāvaṇa), and adorned with splendid ornaments.

Words meanings summery:

• नृत्तवादित्रकुशलाः (nṛttavāditrakuśalāḥ) - skilled in dance and music

• राक्षसेन्द्रभुजाङ्कगाः (rākṣasendrabhujāṅkagāḥ) - resting on Rāvaṇa's arm/lap (resting on the lap/arm of the lord of demons)

• वराभरणधारिण्यः (varābharaṇadhāriṇyaḥ) - wearing splendid ornaments

• निषण्नाः (niṣaṇnāḥ) - seated, sitting, settled

• ददृशे (dadṛśe) - saw, beheld

• कपिः (kapiḥ) - Hanuman (monkey, ape)

Words meanings and morphology

नृत्तवादित्रकुशलाः (nṛttavāditrakuśalāḥ) - skilled in dance and music

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, plural of nṛttavāditrakuśala

nṛttavāditrakuśala - adept in dancing and playing musical instruments

Tatpurusha compound 'nṛtta-vāditra' (dance and music) combined with 'kuśala' (skilled).

Compound type : tatpurusha (nṛtta+vāditra+kuśala)

• nṛtta – dance, dancing
  noun (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root √nṛt.
  Root: nṛt (class 4)
• vāditra – musical instrument, music
  noun (neuter)
  Instrument for playing (from √vad).
  Root: vad (class 1)
• kuśala – skilled, expert, clever
  adjective

राक्षसेन्द्रभुजाङ्कगाः (rākṣasendrabhujāṅkagāḥ) - resting on Rāvaṇa's arm/lap (resting on the lap/arm of the lord of demons)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, plural of rākṣasendrabhujāṅkaga

rākṣasendrabhujāṅkaga - one who goes (rests) on the lap/arm of the chief of demons

Compound 'rākṣasa-indra' (chief of demons), 'bhuja' (arm), 'aṅka' (lap/side), 'ga' (going, resting).

Compound type : tatpurusha (rākṣasa+indra+bhuja+aṅka+ga)

• rākṣasa – demon, a rākṣasa
  noun (masculine)
• indra – chief, lord, king
  noun (masculine)
• bhuja – arm, hand
  noun (masculine)
• aṅka – lap, side, mark
  noun (masculine)
• ga – going, moving, resting
  adjective
  Derived from root √gam (to go).
  Root: gam (class 1)

Note: A descriptive compound.

वराभरणधारिण्यः (varābharaṇadhāriṇyaḥ) - wearing splendid ornaments

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, plural of varābharaṇadhāriṇī

varābharaṇadhārin - bearing/wearing excellent ornaments

Agent noun / Adjective

Compound of 'vara' (excellent) + 'ābharaṇa' (ornament) + 'dhārin' (wearing). 'dhārin' from root √dhṛ (to bear).

Compound type : tatpurusha (vara+ābharaṇa+dhārin)

• vara – excellent, splendid, choice
  adjective (masculine)
  Root: vṛ (class 5)
• ābharaṇa – ornament, decoration
  noun (neuter)
  From root √bhṛ (to bear) with prefix 'ā-'.
  Prefix: ā
  Root: bhṛ (class 1)
• dhārin – bearing, holding, wearing
  adjective
  Agent noun
  From root √dhṛ (to bear) with suffix -in.
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)

Note: Feminine plural of the adjective 'varābharaṇadhārin'.

निषण्नाः (niṣaṇnāḥ) - seated, sitting, settled

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, plural of niṣaṇṇa

niṣaṇṇa - seated, sitting

Past Passive Participle

From root √sad (to sit) with prefix 'ni', undergoes saṃprasāraṇa.

Prefix: ni

Root: sad (class 1)

ददृशे (dadṛśe) - saw, beheld

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, perfect (lit) of √dṛś

Perfect Middle (Ātmanepada) Third Person Singular

Reduplicated perfect form of √dṛś. In Epic Sanskrit, Ātmanepada can sometimes imply active meaning for observation.

Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: Used with an active sense in this context.

कपिः (kapiḥ) - Hanuman (monkey, ape)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kapi

kapi - monkey, ape

Note: Refers to Hanuman.

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