वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-5, chapter-8, verse-13

काञ्चनाङ्गदनद्धौ च ददर्श स महात्मनः ।
विक्षिप्तौ राक्षसेन्द्रस्य भुजाविन्द्रध्वजोपमौ ॥१३॥

13. kāñcanāṅgadanaddhau ca dadarśa sa mahātmanaḥ ,
vikṣiptau rākṣasendrasya bhujāvindradhvajopamau.

13. kāñcanāṅgadanaddhau ca dadarśa sa mahātmanaḥ
vikṣiptau rākṣasendrasya bhujau indradhvajopamau

13. And he (Hanuman) saw the two arms of that mighty one, the king of rākṣasas, which were adorned with golden armlets and outstretched like the banners of Indra.

Words meanings summery:

• काञ्चनाङ्गदनद्धौ (kāñcanāṅgadanaddhau) - bound with golden armlets, adorned with golden armlets

• च (ca) - and

• ददर्श (dadarśa) - he saw

• स (sa) - Hanuman (he)

• महात्मनः (mahātmanaḥ) - of Rāvaṇa (of the mighty one, of the great soul)

• विक्षिप्तौ (vikṣiptau) - outstretched, thrown apart

• राक्षसेन्द्रस्य (rākṣasendrasya) - of Rāvaṇa (of the king of rākṣasas)

• भुजौ (bhujau) - two arms

• इन्द्रध्वजोपमौ (indradhvajopamau) - resembling Indra's banners

Words meanings and morphology

काञ्चनाङ्गदनद्धौ (kāñcanāṅgadanaddhau) - bound with golden armlets, adorned with golden armlets

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, dual of kāñcanāṅgadanaddha

kāñcanāṅgadanaddha - adorned with golden armlets

compound of kāñcana (golden) + aṅgada (armlet) + naddha (bound/adorned)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (kāñcana+aṅgada+naddha)

• kāñcana – golden, made of gold
  adjective (neuter)
  derived from kañcana (gold)
• aṅgada – armlet, bracelet for the upper arm
  noun (masculine)
• naddha – bound, tied, fastened, adorned
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  from root √nah (to bind)
  Root: nah (class 4)

Note: Refers to 'bhujau'.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

ददर्श (dadarśa) - he saw

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of √dṛś

Perfect Active

3rd person singular, Perfect tense, Active voice

Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: Subject is 'sa' (Hanuman).

स (sa) - Hanuman (he)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Masculine nominative singular of 'tad'.

महात्मनः (mahātmanaḥ) - of Rāvaṇa (of the mighty one, of the great soul)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of mahātman

mahātman - great-souled, mighty, noble, exalted

compound of mahā (great) + ātman (soul, self)

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+ātman)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• ātman – self, soul, spirit, essence
  noun (masculine)

Note: Refers to Rāvaṇa.

विक्षिप्तौ (vikṣiptau) - outstretched, thrown apart

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, dual of vikṣipta

vikṣipta - thrown, cast, scattered, outstretched

Past Passive Participle

from root √kṣip (to throw) with upasarga vi-

Prefix: vi

Root: kṣip (class 6)

Note: Agrees with 'bhujau'.

राक्षसेन्द्रस्य (rākṣasendrasya) - of Rāvaṇa (of the king of rākṣasas)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of rākṣasendra

rākṣasendra - chief of rākṣasas, king of rākṣasas

compound of rākṣasa (demon) + indra (chief/king)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (rākṣasa+indra)

• rākṣasa – a rākṣasa, demon
  noun (masculine)
• indra – lord, chief, king
  noun (masculine)

Note: Refers to Rāvaṇa.

भुजौ (bhujau) - two arms

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, dual of bhuja

bhuja - arm, hand

Note: Object of 'dadarśa'.

इन्द्रध्वजोपमौ (indradhvajopamau) - resembling Indra's banners

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, dual of indradhvajopama

indradhvajopama - resembling Indra's banner/flagstaff

compound of indradhvaja (Indra's banner) + upama (resembling)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (indra+dhvaja+upama)

• indra – Indra (name of a deity), chief, lord
  proper noun (masculine)
• dhvaja – banner, flag, standard
  noun (masculine)
• upama – resemblance, comparison, similar to
  adjective (masculine)

Note: Agrees with 'bhujau'.

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