वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-5, chapter-8, verse-17

शशक्षतजकल्पेन सुशीतेन सुगन्धिना ।
चन्दनेन परार्ध्येन स्वनुलिप्तौ स्वलंकृतौ ॥१७॥

17. śaśakṣatajakalpena suśītena sugandhinā ,
candanena parārdhyena svanuliptau svalaṃkṛtau.

17. śaśakṣatajakalpena suśītena sugandhinā
candanena parārdhyena svanuliptau svalaṅkṛtau

17. svanuliptau svalaṅkṛtau śaśakṣatajakalpena
suśītena sugandhinā parārdhyena candanena

17. [His two arms were] well-anointed and well-adorned with excellent sandal paste, which was cool, fragrant, and resembled the blood of a rabbit.

Words meanings summery:

• शशक्षतजकल्पेन (śaśakṣatajakalpena) - by sandal paste resembling the blood of a rabbit (perhaps referring to a reddish hue) (by that which resembles rabbit's blood)

• सुशीतेन (suśītena) - by the very cool (sandal paste) (by the very cool one, by the very cold one)

• सुगन्धिना (sugandhinā) - by the very fragrant (sandal paste) (by the very fragrant one, by the sweet-smelling one)

• चन्दनेन (candanena) - by sandal paste (by sandal paste, by sandalwood)

• परार्ध्येन (parārdhyena) - by the most excellent (sandal paste) (by the most excellent, by the most valuable)

• स्वनुलिप्तौ (svanuliptau) - (the two arms were) well-anointed (well-anointed, well-smeared (dual))

• स्वलङ्कृतौ (svalaṅkṛtau) - (the two arms were) well-adorned (well-decorated, beautifully adorned (dual))

Words meanings and morphology

शशक्षतजकल्पेन (śaśakṣatajakalpena) - by sandal paste resembling the blood of a rabbit (perhaps referring to a reddish hue) (by that which resembles rabbit's blood)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of śaśakṣatajakalpa

śaśakṣatajakalpa - resembling rabbit's blood

Compound formed with 'kalpa' suffix, meaning 'resembling'.

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (śaśa+kṣataja+kalpa)

• śaśa – rabbit, hare
  noun (masculine)
• kṣataja – blood; born from a wound
  noun (neuter)
  Root: kṣaṇ (class 1)
• kalpa – resembling, like; ordinance; an aeon
  adjective (masculine)
  Suffix indicating similarity or possibility.

Note: Agreement with candanena.

सुशीतेन (suśītena) - by the very cool (sandal paste) (by the very cool one, by the very cold one)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of suśīta

suśīta - very cool, very cold, pleasantly cool

Derived from 'su' (good/very) + 'śīta' (cool/cold).

Compound type : karmadhāraya (su+śīta)

• su – good, excellent, well, very
  indeclinable
• śīta – cool, cold; refreshing
  adjective (neuter)
  past passive participle
  From root śyai (to solidify, freeze).
  Root: śyai (class 1)

Note: Agreement with candanena.

सुगन्धिना (sugandhinā) - by the very fragrant (sandal paste) (by the very fragrant one, by the sweet-smelling one)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of sugandhin

sugandhin - fragrant, sweet-smelling

From 'su' (good/very) + 'gandha' (smell) + 'in' (possessive suffix).

Compound type : karmadhāraya (su+gandhin)

• su – good, excellent, well, very
  indeclinable
• gandhin – fragrant, smelling; having odor
  adjective (masculine)
  Possessive adjective from 'gandha' (smell).

Note: Agreement with candanena.

चन्दनेन (candanena) - by sandal paste (by sandal paste, by sandalwood)

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of candana

candana - sandalwood, sandal paste

Root: cand (class 10)

Note: All adjectives (śaśakṣatajakalpena, suśītena, sugandhinā, parārdhyena) agree with this word.

परार्ध्येन (parārdhyena) - by the most excellent (sandal paste) (by the most excellent, by the most valuable)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of parārdhya

parārdhya - most excellent, supremely valuable, precious

From 'para' (supreme) + 'ardha' (value/wealth).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (para+ardhya)

• para – supreme, highest, ultimate; other
  adjective (masculine)
• ardhya – valuable, worthy, precious
  adjective (masculine)
  gerundive
  From 'ardha' (half, value).

Note: Agreement with candanena.

स्वनुलिप्तौ (svanuliptau) - (the two arms were) well-anointed (well-anointed, well-smeared (dual))

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, dual of svanulipta

svanulipta - well-anointed, well-smeared, beautifully smeared

past passive participle

'su' (well) + 'anu' (after) + root 'lip' (to anoint) + 'kta' (PPP suffix).

Compound type : pra-ādi (su+anulipta)

• su – good, excellent, well
  indeclinable
• anulipta – anointed, smeared
  adjective (masculine)
  past passive participle
  From 'anu' (after) + root 'lip' (to anoint).
  Prefix: anu
  Root: lip (class 6)

Note: Refers to the two arms, which are the implied subject.

स्वलङ्कृतौ (svalaṅkṛtau) - (the two arms were) well-adorned (well-decorated, beautifully adorned (dual))

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, dual of svalaṅkṛta

svalaṅkṛta - well-decorated, beautifully adorned

past passive participle

'su' (well) + root 'alam' (to adorn) + 'kṛta' (done, made, PPP of kṛ). The 'alam' often takes 'kṛ' to form a verb 'alaṃ-kṛ'. So 'svalaṃkṛta' is 'su' + 'alaṃkṛta'.

Compound type : pra-ādi (su+alaṃkṛta)

• su – good, excellent, well
  indeclinable
• alaṃkṛta – decorated, adorned
  adjective (masculine)
  past passive participle
  From 'alam' (sufficient, capable, adornment) + root 'kṛ' (to do, make).
  Prefix: alam
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Refers to the two arms.