वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-5, chapter-8, verse-16

संहतौ परिघाकारौ वृत्तौ करिकरोपमौ ।
विक्षिप्तौ शयने शुभ्रे पञ्चशीर्षाविवोरगौ ॥१६॥

16. saṃhatau parighākārau vṛttau karikaropamau ,
vikṣiptau śayane śubhre pañcaśīrṣāvivoragau.

16. saṃhatau parighākārau vṛttau karikaropamau
vikṣiptau śayane śubhre pañcaśīrṣau iva uragau

16. They (the arms) were compact, shaped like iron maces, rounded, and resembled elephant trunks. They lay outstretched on the bright bed, like two five-headed snakes.

Words meanings summery:

• संहतौ (saṁhatau) - compact, firm, well-knit

• परिघाकारौ (parighākārau) - resembling maces/iron clubs

• वृत्तौ (vṛttau) - rounded, circular, firm

• करिकरोपमौ (karikaropamau) - resembling elephant trunks

• विक्षिप्तौ (vikṣiptau) - outstretched, thrown apart

• शयने (śayane) - on the bed, in the couch

• शुभ्रे (śubhre) - bright, white, auspicious

• पञ्चशीर्षौ (pañcaśīrṣau) - five-headed

• इव (iva) - like, as, as if

• उरगौ (uragau) - two snakes

Words meanings and morphology

संहतौ (saṁhatau) - compact, firm, well-knit

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, dual of saṃhata

saṁhata - struck together, compact, firm, solid, united

Past Passive Participle

from √han (to strike) with upasarga sam-

Prefix: sam

Root: han (class 2)

Note: Agrees with 'bhujau'.

परिघाकारौ (parighākārau) - resembling maces/iron clubs

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, dual of parighākāra

parighākāra - resembling an iron mace or club

compound of parigha (iron club, mace) + ākāra (form, shape)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (parigha+ākāra)

• parigha – iron club, mace, bolt
  noun (masculine)
• ākāra – form, shape, appearance
  noun (masculine)

Note: Agrees with 'bhujau'.

वृत्तौ (vṛttau) - rounded, circular, firm

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, dual of vṛtta

vṛtta - rounded, circular, happened, occurred, existed

Past Passive Participle

from √vṛt (to turn, exist, be)

Root: vṛt (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'bhujau'.

करिकरोपमौ (karikaropamau) - resembling elephant trunks

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, dual of karikaropama

karikaropama - resembling an elephant's trunk

compound of karikara (elephant's trunk) + upama (resembling). Karikara is kari (elephant) + kara (hand/trunk).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (kari+kara+upama)

• kari – elephant
  noun (masculine)
• kara – hand, trunk (of an elephant)
  noun (masculine)
• upama – resemblance, comparison, similar to
  adjective (masculine)

Note: Agrees with 'bhujau'.

विक्षिप्तौ (vikṣiptau) - outstretched, thrown apart

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, dual of vikṣipta

vikṣipta - thrown, cast, scattered, outstretched

Past Passive Participle

from root √kṣip (to throw) with upasarga vi-

Prefix: vi

Root: kṣip (class 6)

Note: Agrees with 'bhujau'.

शयने (śayane) - on the bed, in the couch

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of śayana

śayana - bed, couch, sleep

शुभ्रे (śubhre) - bright, white, auspicious

(adjective)

Locative, neuter, singular of śubhra

śubhra - bright, white, splendid, auspicious

Note: Agrees with 'śayane'.

पञ्चशीर्षौ (pañcaśīrṣau) - five-headed

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, dual of pañcaśīrṣa

pañcaśīrṣa - five-headed

Bahuvrīhi compound of pañca (five) + śīrṣa (head)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (pañca+śīrṣa)

• pañca – five
  numeral
• śīrṣa – head, top
  noun (neuter)

Note: Agrees with 'uragau'.

इव (iva) - like, as, as if

(indeclinable)

Note: Particle of comparison.

उरगौ (uragau) - two snakes

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, dual of uraga

uraga - snake, serpent

literally 'going on the breast' (uras + √gam + ḍa)

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Dual form of 'uraga'.

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