वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-5, chapter-25, verse-8

कथयस्व त्वया दृष्टः
स्वप्ने ऽयं कीदृशो निशि ॥८॥

8. kathayasva tvayā dṛṣṭaḥ
svapne'yaṃ kīdṛśo niśi.

8. kathayasva tvayā dṛṣṭaḥ
svapne ayam kīdṛśaḥ niśi

8. Tell us, what kind of dream was this that was seen by you at night?

Words meanings summery:

• कथयस्व (kathayasva) - tell, relate (tell, narrate, relate)

• त्वया (tvayā) - by you

• दृष्टः (dṛṣṭaḥ) - seen (seen, beheld, perceived)

• स्वप्ने (svapne) - in the dream (in the dream, in sleep)

• अयम् (ayam) - this (dream) (this, this one (masculine nominative))

• कीदृशः (kīdṛśaḥ) - of what kind (of what kind, what sort of, how)

• निशि (niśi) - at night

Words meanings and morphology

कथयस्व (kathayasva) - tell, relate (tell, narrate, relate)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, middle, imperative (loṭ) of √kath

imperative 2nd singular middle voice

Denominative from kathā (story) or root class 10 (curādi)

Root: √kath (class 10)

त्वया (tvayā) - by you

(pronoun)

Instrumental, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you (second person pronoun)

Note: Agent of the action 'seen' (dṛṣṭaḥ).

दृष्टः (dṛṣṭaḥ) - seen (seen, beheld, perceived)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dṛṣṭa

dṛṣṭa - seen, beheld, observed, experienced (past passive participle of √dṛś)

past passive participle

from √dṛś (to see)

Root: √dṛś (class 1)

Note: Qualifies ayam (this dream).

स्वप्ने (svapne) - in the dream (in the dream, in sleep)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of svapna

svapna - dream, sleep, dreaming

from √svap (to sleep)

Root: √svap (class 2)

Note: Indicates the medium or context.

अयम् (ayam) - this (dream) (this, this one (masculine nominative))

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, this one

demonstrative pronoun stem

Note: Refers to the dream mentioned in the previous verse.

कीदृशः (kīdṛśaḥ) - of what kind (of what kind, what sort of, how)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kīdṛśa

kīdṛśa - of what kind, what sort of, like what

kim (what) + dṛśa (like, looking like)

Compound type : bahuvrihi (kim+dṛśa)

• kim – what, which, who
  pronoun
  interrogative pronoun
• dṛśa – like, similar to, looking like
  adjective (neuter)
  from √dṛś (to see)
  Root: √dṛś (class 1)

Note: Qualifies ayam (dream).

निशि (niśi) - at night

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of niś

niś - night

ś-stem noun

Note: Indicates time.

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