वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-5, chapter-25, verse-25

कुम्भकर्णादयश्चेमे सर्वे राक्षसपुंगवाः ।
रक्तं निवसनं गृह्य प्रविष्टा गोमयह्रदे ॥२५॥

25. kumbhakarṇādayaśceme sarve rākṣasapuṃgavāḥ ,
raktaṃ nivasanaṃ gṛhya praviṣṭā gomayahrade.

25. kumbhakarṇādayaḥ ca ime sarve rākṣasapuṅgavāḥ
raktam nivasanám gṛhya praviṣṭāḥ gomayahradé

25. Kumbhakarṇa and these other prominent rākṣasas, having taken blood-red garments, entered a pit of cow-dung.

Words meanings summery:

• कुम्भकर्णादयः (kumbhakarṇādayaḥ) - Kumbhakarṇa and others

• च (ca) - and

• इमे (ime) - these

• सर्वे (sarve) - all, everyone

• राक्षसपुङ्गवाः (rākṣasapuṅgavāḥ) - foremost among rākṣasas, chief rākṣasas

• रक्तम् (raktam) - blood-red, red, dyed red

• निवसन्áम् (nivasanám) - garment, clothes, clothing

• गृह्य (gṛhya) - having taken, having grasped, having seized

• प्रविष्टाः (praviṣṭāḥ) - entered

• गोमयह्रद्é (gomayahradé) - in a cow-dung pit/lake

Words meanings and morphology

कुम्भकर्णादयः (kumbhakarṇādayaḥ) - Kumbhakarṇa and others

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of kumbhakarṇādi

kumbhakarṇādi - Kumbhakarṇa and so on, beginning with Kumbhakarṇa

Compound formed with 'ādi' (beginning with) to denote a group.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (kumbhakarṇa+ādi)

• kumbhakarṇa – Name of a famous rākṣasa, brother of Rāvaṇa; literally 'pot-eared'
  proper noun (masculine)
• ādi – beginning, first, and so on
  noun (masculine)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

इमे (ime) - these

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of idam

idam - this, these

Demonstrative pronoun

सर्वे (sarve) - all, everyone

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole

Note: Agrees with 'kumbhakarṇādayaḥ' and 'rākṣasapuṅgavāḥ'.

राक्षसपुङ्गवाः (rākṣasapuṅgavāḥ) - foremost among rākṣasas, chief rākṣasas

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of rākṣasapuṅgava

rākṣasapuṅgava - chief of rākṣasas, excellent rākṣasa

Compound

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (rākṣasa+puṅgava)

• rākṣasa – a demon, an evil being
  noun (masculine)
• puṅgava – a bull, an excellent one, chief
  noun (masculine)

रक्तम् (raktam) - blood-red, red, dyed red

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of rakta

rakta - red, blood-red, dyed, attached, devoted

Past Passive Participle

From root 'rañj' (to color, dye)

Root: rañj (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'nivasanám'.

निवसन्áम् (nivasanám) - garment, clothes, clothing

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of nivasaná

nivasaná - clothing, garment, dress

From 'ni' + 'vas' (to wear) + 'ana' suffix

Prefix: ni

Root: vas (class 2)

Note: Object of 'gṛhya'.

गृह्य (gṛhya) - having taken, having grasped, having seized

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund)

From root 'grah' (to seize, take) with suffix '-ya'. Commonly 'gṛhītvā' when no upasarga, but 'gṛhya' is also found in epic Sanskrit as an absolutive.

Root: grah (class 9)

Note: This is an absolutive (gerund).

प्रविष्टाः (praviṣṭāḥ) - entered

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of praviṣṭa

praviṣṭa - entered, gone into, initiated

Past Passive Participle

From 'pra' + root 'viś' (to enter)

Prefix: pra

Root: viś (class 6)

Note: Used actively in an intransitive sense.

गोमयह्रद्é (gomayahradé) - in a cow-dung pit/lake

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of gomayahradá

gomayahradá - a pond/lake of cow-dung

Compound

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (gomaya+hradá)

• gomaya – made of cow-dung, consisting of cow-dung
  adjective (neuter)
  Derived from 'go' (cow) + 'maya' (made of)
• hradá – a lake, pond, deep pool
  noun (masculine)

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