वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-5, chapter-25, verse-23

लङ्का चेयं पुरी रम्या सवाजिरथसंकुला ।
सागरे पतिता दृष्टा भग्नगोपुरतोरणा ॥२३॥

23. laṅkā ceyaṃ purī ramyā savājirathasaṃkulā ,
sāgare patitā dṛṣṭā bhagnagopuratoraṇā.

23. laṅkā ca iyam purī ramyā savājirathasaṃkulā
sāgare patitā dṛṣṭā bhagnagopuratoraṇā

23. ca iyam ramyā savājirathasaṃkulā laṅkā purī
sāgare patitā bhagnagopuratoraṇā dṛṣṭā

23. And this beautiful city of Laṅkā, which was crowded with horses and chariots, was seen fallen into the ocean, with its city-gates and archways broken.

Words meanings summery:

• लङ्का (laṅkā) - Laṅkā (name of the city)

• च (ca) - and

• इयम् (iyam) - this (feminine)

• पुरी (purī) - city, town

• रम्या (ramyā) - delightful, beautiful, charming

• सवाजिरथसंकुला (savājirathasaṁkulā) - crowded with horses and chariots

• सागरे (sāgare) - in the ocean, in the sea

• पतिता (patitā) - fallen, plunged

• दृष्टा (dṛṣṭā) - seen, beheld

• भग्नगोपुरतोरणा (bhagnagopuratoraṇā) - with broken city-gates and archways

Words meanings and morphology

लङ्का (laṅkā) - Laṅkā (name of the city)

(proper noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of laṅkā

laṅkā - Laṅkā (the capital city of Rāvaṇa)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

इयम् (iyam) - this (feminine)

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of idam

idam - this, this one

Note: Adjective pronoun modifying 'purī'.

पुरी (purī) - city, town

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of purī

purī - city, town, fortified place

रम्या (ramyā) - delightful, beautiful, charming

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of ramya

ramya - delightful, pleasing, charming, beautiful

gerundive

Derived from root √ram (to delight, to enjoy)

Root: ram (class 1)

Note: Functions as an adjective here.

सवाजिरथसंकुला (savājirathasaṁkulā) - crowded with horses and chariots

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of savājirathasaṃkula

savājirathasaṁkula - filled/crowded with horses and chariots

Compound

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (sa+vāji+ratha+saṃkula)

• sa – with, accompanied by
  indeclinable
• vāji – horse
  noun (masculine)
• ratha – chariot
  noun (masculine)
• saṃkula – crowded, filled, confused
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from sam- + √kul (to be confused, to accumulate)
  Prefix: sam
  Root: kul (class 1)

Note: Adjective modifying 'purī'.

सागरे (sāgare) - in the ocean, in the sea

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of sāgara

sāgara - ocean, sea

Note: Expresses location.

पतिता (patitā) - fallen, plunged

(participle)

Nominative, feminine, singular of patita

patita - fallen, dropped, plunged

past passive participle

Derived from root √pat (to fall, to fly)

Root: pat (class 1)

Note: Functions as an adjective for 'purī'.

दृष्टा (dṛṣṭā) - seen, beheld

(participle)

Nominative, feminine, singular of dṛṣṭa

dṛṣṭa - seen, observed, perceived

past passive participle

Derived from root √dṛś (to see)

Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: Main verb of the sentence (implied 'was').

भग्नगोपुरतोरणा (bhagnagopuratoraṇā) - with broken city-gates and archways

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of bhagnagopuratoraṇa

bhagnagopuratoraṇa - having broken city-gates and archways

Compound

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (bhagna+gopura+toraṇa)

• bhagna – broken, shattered
  participle
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root √bhañj (to break)
  Root: bhañj (class 7)
• gopura – city-gate, main gate
  noun (neuter)
• toraṇa – archway, gateway, triumphal arch
  noun (neuter)

Note: Adjective modifying 'purī'.

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