वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-4, chapter-66, verse-13

ततो भूमिमसंस्पृश्य पुनरागन्तुमुत्सहे ।
प्रवेगेनैव महता भीमेन प्लवगर्षभाः ॥१३॥

13. tato bhūmimasaṃspṛśya punarāgantumutsahe ,
pravegenaiva mahatā bhīmena plavagarṣabhāḥ.

13. tataḥ bhūmim asaṃspṛśya punaḥ āgantum utsahe
pravegeṇa eva mahatā bhīmena plavagarṣabhāḥ

13. plavagarṣabhāḥ aham tataḥ bhūmim asaṃspṛśya
punaḥ mahatā bhīmena pravegeṇa eva āgantum utsahe

13. O leaders of the monkeys, I am eager to return again from there, without touching the earth, with indeed a great and mighty speed.

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - from there (referring to the previous feats of traversing the sky) (then, from there, thence)

• भूमिम् (bhūmim) - the earth's surface (earth, ground, land)

• असंस्पृश्य (asaṁspṛśya) - without touching, having not touched

• पुनः (punaḥ) - again (again, further, moreover)

• आगन्तुम् (āgantum) - to return (to come, to return)

• उत्सहे (utsahe) - I am eager (to do so) (I am eager, I am able, I venture)

• प्रवेगेण (pravegeṇa) - with speed (with speed, by impulse, with great force)

• एव (eva) - truly, indeed (indeed, only, just)

• महता (mahatā) - great (great, large, mighty)

• भीमेन (bhīmena) - mighty, formidable (terrible, dreadful, formidable)

• प्लवगर्षभाः (plavagarṣabhāḥ) - O leaders of the monkeys (O best of monkeys)

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - from there (referring to the previous feats of traversing the sky) (then, from there, thence)

(indeclinable)

Note: Acts as an adverb.

भूमिम् (bhūmim) - the earth's surface (earth, ground, land)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of bhūmi

bhūmi - earth, ground, land, soil

Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Object of 'asaṃspṛśya'.

असंस्पृश्य (asaṁspṛśya) - without touching, having not touched

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Absolutive of root 'spṛś' (to touch) with prefix 'sam' and negative 'a'

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+saṃspṛśya)

• a – not
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix
• saṃspṛśya – having touched
  indeclinable
  Absolutive (Gerund)
  Absolutive of root 'spṛś' (to touch) with prefix 'sam'
  Prefix: sam
  Root: spṛś (class 6)

Note: Expresses an action preceding the main verb.

पुनः (punaḥ) - again (again, further, moreover)

(indeclinable)

आगन्तुम् (āgantum) - to return (to come, to return)

(verb)

active, infinitive (tumun) of āgam

Infinitive

Infinitive of 'āgam'

Prefix: ā

Root: gam (class 1)

उत्सहे (utsahe) - I am eager (to do so) (I am eager, I am able, I venture)

(verb)

1st person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of utsah

Present Indicative

1st person singular, middle voice, from root 'sah' (to endure) with prefix 'ud'

Prefix: ud

Root: sah (class 1)

Note: The 'aham' is implied.

प्रवेगेण (pravegeṇa) - with speed (with speed, by impulse, with great force)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of pravega

pravega - speed, impulse, current

From root 'vij' (to move) with prefix 'pra'

Prefix: pra

Root: vij (class 6)

एव (eva) - truly, indeed (indeed, only, just)

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphasizes the preceding word.

महता (mahatā) - great (great, large, mighty)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of mahat

mahat - great, large, mighty, enormous

Note: Qualifies 'pravegeṇa'.

भीमेन (bhīmena) - mighty, formidable (terrible, dreadful, formidable)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of bhīma

bhīma - terrible, dreadful, formidable, mighty

From root 'bhī' (to fear)

Root: bhī (class 3)

Note: Qualifies 'pravegeṇa'.

प्लवगर्षभाः (plavagarṣabhāḥ) - O leaders of the monkeys (O best of monkeys)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, plural of plavagarṣabha

plavagarṣabha - best of monkeys, excellent monkey

Compound 'plavaga' (monkey) + 'ṛṣabha' (bull, best)

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (plavaga+ṛṣabha)

• plavaga – monkey (lit. 'sky-goer' or 'jumper')
  noun (masculine)
  Compound 'plava' (jumping) + 'ga' (going)
• ṛṣabha – bull, chief, best, excellent
  noun (masculine)

Note: Refers to the other monkeys.

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