वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-3, chapter-50, verse-9

प्रधर्षितायां वैदेह्यां बभूव सचराचरम् ।
जगत् सर्वममर्यादं तमसान्धेन संवृतम् ॥९॥

9. pradharṣitāyāṃ vaidehyāṃ babhūva sacarācaram ,
jagat sarvamamaryādaṃ tamasāndhena saṃvṛtam.

9. pradharṣitāyām vaidehyām babhūva sa-carācaram
jagat sarvam amaryādam tamasā andhena saṃvṛtam

9. vaidehyām pradharṣitāyām sa-carācaram sarvam
jagat amaryādam andhena tamasā saṃvṛtam babhūva

9. When Vaidehi was assaulted, the entire universe, including all moving and non-moving beings, became devoid of order (amaryāda) and was enveloped by a blind darkness.

Words meanings summery:

• प्रधर्षितायाम् (pradharṣitāyām) - when molested, assaulted, violated

• वैदेह्याम् (vaidehyām) - in Vaidehi, concerning Vaidehi (Sita)

• बभूव (babhūva) - it became, it happened

• स-चराचरम् (sa-carācaram) - with moving and non-moving beings, animate and inanimate

• जगत् (jagat) - the world, universe

• सर्वम् (sarvam) - all, entire

• अमर्यादम् (amaryādam) - without boundaries, lawless, disorderly

• तमसा (tamasā) - by darkness

• अन्धेन (andhena) - by blind

• संवृतम् (saṁvṛtam) - enveloped, covered

Words meanings and morphology

प्रधर्षितायाम् (pradharṣitāyām) - when molested, assaulted, violated

(participle)

Locative, feminine, singular of pradharṣita

pradharṣita - assaulted, molested, violated, overcome

Past Passive Participle

From root 'dhṛṣ' (to be bold, dare) with prefix 'pra', in the causal form, declined in feminine locative singular.

Prefix: pra

Root: dhṛṣ (class 1)

वैदेह्याम् (vaidehyām) - in Vaidehi, concerning Vaidehi (Sita)

(proper noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of vaidehī

vaidehī - princess of Videha, Sita (daughter of Janaka, king of Videha)

Feminine derivative of Videha.

बभूव (babhūva) - it became, it happened

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (Lit) of bhū

Perfect Active

Reduplicated perfect form of root 'bhū'.

Root: bhū (class 1)

स-चराचरम् (sa-carācaram) - with moving and non-moving beings, animate and inanimate

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of sa-carācara

sa-carācara - with moving and non-moving beings, including all animate and inanimate creation

Compound with 'sa-' (with) and 'carācara' (moving and non-moving).

Compound type : bahuvrihi (sa+cara+acara)

• sa – with, together with
  indeclinable
  Used here as a prefix.
• cara – moving, walking, animate
  adjective
  From root 'car' (to move).
  Root: car (class 1)
• acara – non-moving, inanimate
  adjective
  Negation of 'cara' with 'a-'.
  Prefix: a

जगत् (jagat) - the world, universe

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of jagat

jagat - moving, animate; the world, universe (substantivized)

Present Active Participle (substantivized)

From root 'gam' (to go) with reduplication and '-at' suffix.

Root: gam (class 1)

सर्वम् (sarvam) - all, entire

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of sarva

sarva - all, every, entire, complete

अमर्यादम् (amaryādam) - without boundaries, lawless, disorderly

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of amaryāda

amaryāda - boundless, unrestrained, lawless, disorderly, without proper limits

Compound of 'a-' (negation) and 'maryāda' (boundary, limit, moral law).

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+maryāda)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
  Negation prefix.
• maryāda – boundary, limit, proper order, moral law, respect
  noun (feminine)

Note: Predicative adjective for 'jagat'.

तमसा (tamasā) - by darkness

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of tamas

tamas - darkness, gloom, ignorance

Note: Agent of 'saṃvṛtam'.

अन्धेन (andhena) - by blind

(adjective)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of andha

andha - blind, dark

Note: Qualifies 'tamasā'.

संवृतम् (saṁvṛtam) - enveloped, covered

(participle)

Nominative, neuter, singular of saṃvṛta

saṁvṛta - covered, enveloped, concealed, surrounded

Past Passive Participle

From root 'vṛ' (to cover, enclose) with prefix 'sam', declined in neuter nominative singular.

Prefix: sam

Root: vṛ (class 5)

Note: Predicative adjective for 'jagat'.

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