वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-3, chapter-50, verse-20

राक्षसेन्द्रसमाधूतं तस्यास्तद्वचनं शुभम् ।
शुशुभे न विना रामं दिवा चन्द्र इवोदितः ॥२०॥

20. rākṣasendrasamādhūtaṃ tasyāstadvacanaṃ śubham ,
śuśubhe na vinā rāmaṃ divā candra ivoditaḥ.

20. rākṣasendra-samādhūtam tasyāḥ tat vacanam śubham
śuśubhe na vinā rāmam divā candraḥ iva uditaḥ

20. tasyāḥ śubham tat vacanam rākṣasendrasamādhūtam
rāmam vinā divā uditaḥ candraḥ iva na śuśubhe

20. Her auspicious words, though addressed by the lord of demons (Ravana), did not appear beautiful without Rama, just like the moon rising during the day.

Words meanings summery:

• राक्षसेन्द्र-समाधूतम् (rākṣasendra-samādhūtam) - addressed by Ravana, the lord of demons (addressed by the lord of demons)

• तस्याः (tasyāḥ) - of Sita (her, of her)

• तत् (tat) - that (referring to the speech/words) (that, it)

• वचनम् (vacanam) - Sita's words (speech, word, statement)

• शुभम् (śubham) - auspicious, beautiful, good

• शुशुभे (śuśubhe) - shone, appeared beautiful

• न (na) - not, no

• विना (vinā) - without, except for

• रामम् (rāmam) - Rama

• दिवा (divā) - by day, during the day

• चन्द्रः (candraḥ) - moon

• इव (iva) - like, as, as if

• उदितः (uditaḥ) - risen, appeared, ascended

Words meanings and morphology

राक्षसेन्द्र-समाधूतम् (rākṣasendra-samādhūtam) - addressed by Ravana, the lord of demons (addressed by the lord of demons)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of rākṣasendrasamādhūta

rākṣasendrasamādhūta - addressed by the lord of demons

Past Passive Participle-based compound

A Tatpurusha compound where 'samādhūta' (addressed) is qualified by 'rākṣasendra' (lord of demons). The whole acts as an adjective.

Compound type : tatpurusha (rākṣasendra+samādhūta)

• rākṣasendra – lord of demons
  noun (masculine)
  Compound 'rākṣasa' (demon) + 'indra' (lord).
• samādhūta – addressed, shaken, stirred
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root √dhū (to shake, move) with prefixes sam (together, well) and ā (towards).
  Prefixes: sam+ā
  Root: dhū (class 5)

Note: Qualifies 'vacanam'.

तस्याः (tasyāḥ) - of Sita (her, of her)

(pronoun)

Genitive, feminine, singular of tad

tad - she, that

तत् (tat) - that (referring to the speech/words) (that, it)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, it

Note: Qualifies 'vacanam'.

वचनम् (vacanam) - Sita's words (speech, word, statement)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of vacana

vacana - speech, word, statement

Derived from root √vac (to speak).

Root: vac (class 2)

शुभम् (śubham) - auspicious, beautiful, good

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of śubha

śubha - auspicious, beautiful, good, fortunate

Note: Qualifies 'vacanam'.

शुशुभे (śuśubhe) - shone, appeared beautiful

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of śubh

Perfect

Root verb, 1st conjugation, Ātmanepada. Perfect form.

Root: śubh (class 1)

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

विना (vinā) - without, except for

(indeclinable)

रामम् (rāmam) - Rama

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of rāma

rāma - Rama (a proper noun), pleasing, charming

Note: Governed by 'vinā'.

दिवा (divā) - by day, during the day

(indeclinable)

चन्द्रः (candraḥ) - moon

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of candra

candra - moon, luminous, shining

इव (iva) - like, as, as if

(indeclinable)

उदितः (uditaḥ) - risen, appeared, ascended

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of udita

udita - risen, appeared, ascended, uttered

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root √i (to go) with prefix ud (up).

Prefix: ud

Root: i (class 2)

Note: Qualifies 'candraḥ'.

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