वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-3, chapter-50, verse-2

सा तु ताराधिपमुखी रावणेन समीक्ष्य तम् ।
गृध्रराजं विनिहतं विललाप सुदुःखिता ॥२॥

2. sā tu tārādhipamukhī rāvaṇena samīkṣya tam ,
gṛdhrarājaṃ vinihataṃ vilalāpa suduḥkhitā.

2. sā tu tārādhipamukhī rāvaṇena samīkṣya tam
gṛdhrarājam vinihatam vilalāpa sudukhītā

2. tu rāvaṇena vinihatam tam gṛdhrarājam
samīkṣya sā tārādhipamukhī sudukhītā vilalāpa

2. But she, whose face resembled the moon, having seen that king of vultures (Jaṭāyu) killed by Rāvaṇa, became extremely distressed and lamented.

Words meanings summery:

• सा (sā) - she (Sītā) (she, that (feminine))

• तु (tu) - but (emphasizes the reaction) (but, indeed, however)

• ताराधिपमुखी (tārādhipamukhī) - whose face resembled the moon (moon-faced, having a face like the lord of stars)

• रावणेन (rāvaṇena) - by Rāvaṇa

• समीक्ष्य (samīkṣya) - having seen (having seen, perceiving)

• तम् (tam) - that (vulture king) (him, that)

• गृध्रराजम् (gṛdhrarājam) - the king of vultures (Jaṭāyu) (king of vultures)

• विनिहतम् (vinihatam) - killed (killed, struck down)

• विललाप (vilalāpa) - she lamented (she lamented, she wailed)

• सुदुखीता (sudukhītā) - extremely distressed (greatly distressed, very sorrowful)

Words meanings and morphology

सा (sā) - she (Sītā) (she, that (feminine))

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Feminine nominative singular of 'tad'. Refers to Sītā.

तु (tu) - but (emphasizes the reaction) (but, indeed, however)

(indeclinable)

ताराधिपमुखी (tārādhipamukhī) - whose face resembled the moon (moon-faced, having a face like the lord of stars)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of tārādhipamukha

tārādhipamukha - moon-faced, having a face like the moon (lord of stars)

Compound type : bahuvrihi (tārādhipa+mukha)

• tārādhipa – moon (lord of stars)
  noun (masculine)
• mukha – face, mouth
  noun (neuter)

Note: Agrees with 'Sā' and 'sudukhītā'.

रावणेन (rāvaṇena) - by Rāvaṇa

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of rāvaṇa

rāvaṇa - Rāvaṇa (proper name)

Note: Agent of the passive participle 'vinihatam'.

समीक्ष्य (samīkṣya) - having seen (having seen, perceiving)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive/Gerund

from √īkṣ (to see) with prefix sam; suffix -ya

Prefix: sam

Root: īkṣ (class 1)

Note: Action completed before 'vilalāpa'.

तम् (tam) - that (vulture king) (him, that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Masculine accusative singular of 'tad'. Refers to the vulture king.

गृध्रराजम् (gṛdhrarājam) - the king of vultures (Jaṭāyu) (king of vultures)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of gṛdhrarāja

gṛdhrarāja - king of vultures

Compound type : tatpurusha (gṛdhra+rāja)

• gṛdhra – vulture
  noun (masculine)
• rāja – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)
  Root: rāj (class 1)

Note: Object of 'samīkṣya'.

विनिहतम् (vinihatam) - killed (killed, struck down)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vinihata

vinihata - killed, struck down, destroyed

Past Passive Participle

from √han (to strike, kill) with prefixes vi and ni; + kta suffix

Prefixes: vi+ni

Root: han (class 2)

Note: Agrees with 'gṛdhrarājam'.

विललाप (vilalāpa) - she lamented (she lamented, she wailed)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, Perfect (Lit) of vilap

Perfect Active

Perfect 3rd person singular, active voice; from √lap (to speak) with prefix vi

Prefix: vi

Root: lap (class 1)

Note: Subject is 'Sā'.

सुदुखीता (sudukhītā) - extremely distressed (greatly distressed, very sorrowful)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of sudukhita

sudukhita - very sad, greatly distressed, extremely sorrowful

Compound of 'su' (good, very) + 'dukhita' (distressed, sorrowful).

Compound type : pravrāditatpurusha (su+dukhita)

• su – good, well, very
  indeclinable
• dukhita – distressed, sorrowful, unhappy
  adjective (feminine)
  Past Passive Participle
  from √dukh (to suffer) or 'duḥkha' (pain, sorrow) + ita suffix
  Root: dukh (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'Sā' and 'tārādhipamukhī'.