वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-3, chapter-50, verse-1

तमल्पजीवितं भूमौ स्फुरन्तं राक्षसाधिपः ।
ददर्श गृध्रं पतितं समीपे राघवाश्रमात् ॥१॥

1. tamalpajīvitaṃ bhūmau sphurantaṃ rākṣasādhipaḥ ,
dadarśa gṛdhraṃ patitaṃ samīpe rāghavāśramāt.

1. tam alpajīvitam bhūmau sphurantam rākṣasādhipaḥ
dadarśa gṛdhram patitam samīpe rāghavāśramāt

1. rākṣasādhipaḥ alpajīvitam bhūmau sphurantam
rāghavāśramāt samīpe patitam tam gṛdhram dadarśa

1. The lord of the Rākṣasas (Rāvaṇa) saw that vulture, fallen on the ground, barely alive and still quivering, near Rāma's hermitage.

Words meanings summery:

• तम् (tam) - that (vulture) (him, that)

• अल्पजीवितम् (alpajīvitam) - barely alive (having little life, barely alive)

• भूमौ (bhūmau) - on the ground (on the earth, on the ground)

• स्फुरन्तम् (sphurantam) - still quivering (quivering, throbbing, struggling)

• राक्षसाधिपः (rākṣasādhipaḥ) - the lord of the Rākṣasas (Rāvaṇa) (lord of demons, chief of Rākṣasas)

• ददर्श (dadarśa) - he saw

• गृध्रम् (gṛdhram) - the vulture (Jaṭāyu) (vulture)

• पतितम् (patitam) - fallen

• समीपे (samīpe) - near (near, in the vicinity)

• राघवाश्रमात् (rāghavāśramāt) - from Rāma's hermitage

Words meanings and morphology

तम् (tam) - that (vulture) (him, that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Masculine accusative singular of 'tad'. Refers to the vulture.

अल्पजीवितम् (alpajīvitam) - barely alive (having little life, barely alive)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of alpajīvita

alpajīvita - having little life, short-lived

Compound type : bahuvrihi (alpa+jīvita)

• alpa – little, small, few
  adjective (masculine)
• jīvita – life, living, alive
  noun (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle (substantivized)
  From √jīv (to live) + kta
  Root: jīv (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'gṛdhram'.

भूमौ (bhūmau) - on the ground (on the earth, on the ground)

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of bhūmi

bhūmi - earth, ground, soil

Note: Locative singular of 'bhūmi' (i-stem).

स्फुरन्तम् (sphurantam) - still quivering (quivering, throbbing, struggling)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of sphurant

sphurant - quivering, throbbing, struggling

Present Active Participle

from √sphur (to throb, quiver) + śatṛ suffix

Root: sphur (class 6)

Note: Agrees with 'gṛdhram'.

राक्षसाधिपः (rākṣasādhipaḥ) - the lord of the Rākṣasas (Rāvaṇa) (lord of demons, chief of Rākṣasas)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rākṣasādhipa

rākṣasādhipa - lord of Rākṣasas

Compound type : tatpurusha (rākṣasa+adhipa)

• rākṣasa – demon, Rākṣasa
  noun (masculine)
• adhipa – lord, ruler, chief
  noun (masculine)
  Prefix: adhi
  Root: pā (class 2)

Note: Subject of 'dadarśa'.

ददर्श (dadarśa) - he saw

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, Perfect (Lit) of dṛś

Perfect Active

Perfect 3rd person singular, active voice

Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: Subject is 'rākṣasādhipaḥ'.

गृध्रम् (gṛdhram) - the vulture (Jaṭāyu) (vulture)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of gṛdhra

gṛdhra - vulture, greedy

Note: Object of 'dadarśa'.

पतितम् (patitam) - fallen

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of patita

patita - fallen, degraded

Past Passive Participle

from √pat (to fall) + kta suffix

Root: pat (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'gṛdhram'.

समीपे (samīpe) - near (near, in the vicinity)

(indeclinable)

Locative singular of samīpa (adj/n) used adverbially, or direct indeclinable.

Note: Governs the ablative 'rāghavāśramāt'.

राघवाश्रमात् (rāghavāśramāt) - from Rāma's hermitage

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of rāghavāśrama

rāghavāśrama - hermitage of Rāghava (Rāma)

Compound type : tatpurusha (rāghava+āśrama)

• rāghava – descendant of Raghu, Rāma
  proper noun (masculine)
• āśrama – hermitage, abode, spiritual retreat
  noun (masculine)
  Prefix: ā
  Root: śram (class 4)

Note: Governed by 'samīpe'.

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