वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-3, chapter-50, verse-41

home » Scriptures Library » Valmiki Ramayana

View complete chapter

अवेक्षमाणां बहुषो वैदेहीं धरणीतलम् ।
स तामाकुलकेशान्तां विप्रमृष्टविशेषकाम् ।
जहारात्मविनाशाय दशग्रीवो मनस्विनाम् ॥४१॥

41. avekṣamāṇāṃ bahuṣo vaidehīṃ dharaṇītalam ,
sa tāmākulakeśāntāṃ vipramṛṣṭaviśeṣakām ,
jahārātmavināśāya daśagrīvo manasvinām.

41. avekṣamāṇām bahuśaḥ vaidehīm
dharaṇītalam saḥ tām ākulakeśāntām
vipramṛṣṭaviśeṣakām jahāra
ātmavināśāya daśagrīvaḥ manasvinām

41. daśagrīvaḥ ātmavināśāya bahuśaḥ
dharaṇītalam avekṣamāṇām
ākulakeśāntām vipramṛṣṭaviśeṣakām
tām vaidehīm jahāra manasvinām

41. Ravana, for his own destruction (ātman), abducted her, Vaidehi (Sita), who was looking repeatedly at the ground, her hair disheveled, and her forehead mark (tilaka) wiped away; she who belonged to the noble-minded.

Words meanings summery:

(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)

अवेक्षमाणाम् (avekṣamāṇām) - looking repeatedly (looking down, gazing, observing)

बहुशः (bahuśaḥ) - repeatedly (repeatedly, many times, in many ways)

वैदेहीम् (vaidehīm) - Sita (Vaidehi (Sita, daughter of Videha))

धरणीतलम् (dharaṇītalam) - the ground (the surface of the earth, the ground)

सः (saḥ) - he (Ravana) (he, that (masculine))

ताम् (tām) - her (Sita) (her, that (feminine))

आकुलकेशान्ताम् (ākulakeśāntām) - her hair disheveled (having disheveled hair, with tangled locks)

विप्रमृष्टविशेषकाम् (vipramṛṣṭaviśeṣakām) - her forehead mark wiped off (whose special mark (tilaka) was wiped off)

जहार (jahāra) - he abducted (he took away, he abducted, he carried off)

आत्मविनाशाय (ātmavināśāya) - for his own destruction (for self-destruction, for one's own ruin)

दशग्रीवः (daśagrīvaḥ) - Ravana (Daśagrīva (Ravana, 'ten-necked'))

मनस्विनाम् (manasvinām) - of the noble-minded (of the high-minded, of the resolute, of the wise)

Words meanings and morphology

अवेक्षमाणाम् (avekṣamāṇām) - looking repeatedly (looking down, gazing, observing)

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of avekṣamāṇā

avekṣamāṇā - looking, observing (feminine form)

Present Middle Participle

From ava-īkṣ (to look at) + śānac (middle participle suffix) + ā (feminine suffix)

Prefix: ava

Root: īkṣ (class 1)

बहुशः (bahuśaḥ) - repeatedly (repeatedly, many times, in many ways)

(indeclinable)

Adverb formed with the suffix -śaḥ.

Note: Modifies avekṣamāṇām.

वैदेहीम् (vaidehīm) - Sita (Vaidehi (Sita, daughter of Videha))

(proper noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of vaidehī

vaidehī - Vaidehi (name of Sita, meaning "daughter of Videha")

From videha (the kingdom) + añ (patronymic suffix) + ṅīp (feminine suffix).

Note: Refers to Sita.

धरणीतलम् (dharaṇītalam) - the ground (the surface of the earth, the ground)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of dharaṇītala

dharaṇītala - surface of the earth, ground

Tatpurusha compound: dharaṇī (earth) + tala (surface).

Compound type : tatpurusha (dharaṇī+tala)

dharaṇī – earth, ground
noun (feminine)
From root dhṛ (to hold).
Root: dhṛ (class 1)
tala – surface, plane, palm, sole
noun (neuter)

Note: Object of avekṣamāṇām.

सः (saḥ) - he (Ravana) (he, that (masculine))

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Demonstrative pronoun.

Note: Refers to Daśagrīva (Ravana).

ताम् (tām) - her (Sita) (her, that (feminine))

(pronoun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that, she, he, it

Demonstrative pronoun.

Note: Refers to Sita.

आकुलकेशान्ताम् (ākulakeśāntām) - her hair disheveled (having disheveled hair, with tangled locks)

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of ākulakeśāntā

ākulakeśāntā - having disheveled hair, with tangled locks (feminine form)

Bahuvrīhi compound: ākula (disheveled) + keśa (hair) + anta (end/part), here meaning 'having disheveled hair-ends' or simply 'disheveled hair'.

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (ākula+keśa+anta)

ākula – agitated, confused, disheveled
adjective
Past passive participle from ā-kul (to be agitated).
Prefix: ā
Root: kul (class 1)
keśa – hair
noun (masculine)
anta – end, tip, boundary
noun (masculine)

विप्रमृष्टविशेषकाम् (vipramṛṣṭaviśeṣakām) - her forehead mark wiped off (whose special mark (tilaka) was wiped off)

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of vipramṛṣṭaviśeṣakā

vipramṛṣṭaviśeṣakā - whose special mark (tilaka) was wiped off (feminine form)

Bahuvrīhi compound: vipramṛṣṭa (wiped off) + viśeṣaka (forehead mark).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (vipramṛṣṭa+viśeṣaka)

vipramṛṣṭa – wiped off, effaced
adjective
Past Passive Participle
From vi-pra-mṛj (to wipe off).
Prefixes: vi+pra
Root: mṛj (class 2)
viśeṣaka – mark, distinguishing sign, tilaka (forehead decoration)
noun (masculine)
From root śiṣ (to distinguish) with vi + aka suffix.
Prefix: vi
Root: śiṣ (class 7)

जहार (jahāra) - he abducted (he took away, he abducted, he carried off)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of jahāra

Perfect tense, 3rd person singular, active voice.

From root hṛ (to take) with reduplication and ā vowel lengthening.

Root: hṛ (class 1)

Note: Main verb of the sentence.

आत्मविनाशाय (ātmavināśāya) - for his own destruction (for self-destruction, for one's own ruin)

(noun)

Dative, masculine, singular of ātmavināśa

ātmavināśa - self-destruction, one's own ruin

Tatpurusha compound: ātman (self) + vināśa (destruction).

Compound type : tatpurusha (ātman+vināśa)

ātman – self, soul, spirit, individual self
noun (masculine)
Often refers to the individual essence.
Root: an (class 2)
vināśa – destruction, ruin, loss
noun (masculine)
From vi-naś (to perish) + ghaň (noun suffix).
Prefix: vi
Root: naś (class 4)

दशग्रीवः (daśagrīvaḥ) - Ravana (Daśagrīva (Ravana, 'ten-necked'))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of daśagrīva

daśagrīva - ten-necked, Ravana (proper noun)

Bahuvrīhi compound: daśa (ten) + grīva (neck).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (daśa+grīva)