वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-3, chapter-50, verse-33

नलिन्यो ध्वस्तकमलास्त्रस्तमीनजले चराः ।
सखीमिव गतोत्साहां शोचन्तीव स्म मैथिलीम् ॥३३॥

33. nalinyo dhvastakamalāstrastamīnajale carāḥ ,
sakhīmiva gatotsāhāṃ śocantīva sma maithilīm.

33. nalinyaḥ dhvastakamalāḥ trastamīnajale carāḥ
sakhīm iva gatotsāhām śocantī iva sma maithilīm

33. nalinyaḥ dhvastakamalāḥ trastamīnajale carāḥ
gatotsāhām sakhīm iva maithilīm śocantī iva sma

33. The lotus ponds, whose lotuses were destroyed and whose distressed fish were moving in their waters, seemed to grieve for Maithili (Sita), as if for a disheartened friend.

Words meanings summery:

• नलिन्यः (nalinyaḥ) - lotus ponds/beds

• ध्वस्तकमलाः (dhvastakamalāḥ) - whose lotuses are destroyed/withered

• त्रस्तमीनजले (trastamīnajale) - in the water containing agitated fish

• चराः (carāḥ) - abounding with creatures in motion (moving, roaming (ones))

• सखीम् (sakhīm) - friend

• इव (iva) - as if, like

• गतोत्साहाम् (gatotsāhām) - disheartened, whose enthusiasm is lost

• शोचन्ती (śocantī) - grieving

• इव (iva) - as if, like

• स्म (sma) - a particle used with present tense to denote past action

• मैथिलीम् (maithilīm) - for Maithili (Sita)

Words meanings and morphology

नलिन्यः (nalinyaḥ) - lotus ponds/beds

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, plural of nalinī

nalinī - lotus plant, lotus pond

ध्वस्तकमलाः (dhvastakamalāḥ) - whose lotuses are destroyed/withered

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, plural of dhvastakamala

dhvastakamala - having destroyed/withered lotuses

Compound type : bahuvrihi (dhvasta+kamala)

• dhvasta – destroyed, withered, perished
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  from verb root dhvaṃs (to fall, perish), class 1
  Root: dhvaṃs (class 1)
• kamala – lotus
  noun (neuter)

त्रस्तमीनजले (trastamīnajale) - in the water containing agitated fish

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of trastamīnajala

trastamīnajala - water containing agitated fish

Compound type : tatpurusha (trasta+mīna+jala)

• trasta – agitated, distressed, trembling
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  from verb root tras (to tremble), class 1
  Root: tras (class 1)
• mīna – fish
  noun (masculine)
• jala – water
  noun (neuter)

चराः (carāḥ) - abounding with creatures in motion (moving, roaming (ones))

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, plural of cara

cara - moving, going, roaming; a creature, dweller

from verb root car (to move, go), class 1

Root: car (class 1)

सखीम् (sakhīm) - friend

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of sakhī

sakhī - female friend, companion

इव (iva) - as if, like

(indeclinable)

गतोत्साहाम् (gatotsāhām) - disheartened, whose enthusiasm is lost

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of gatotsāhā

gatotsāhā - one whose enthusiasm/spirit is gone

Compound type : bahuvrihi (gata+utsāha)

• gata – gone, past, lost
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  from verb root gam (to go), class 1
  Root: gam (class 1)
• utsāha – enthusiasm, energy, spirit
  noun (masculine)

शोचन्ती (śocantī) - grieving

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, plural of śocat

śocat - grieving, lamenting, sorrowing

present active participle

present active participle, feminine nominative plural, from verb root śuc (to grieve, sorrow), class 1

Root: śuc (class 1)

इव (iva) - as if, like

(indeclinable)

स्म (sma) - a particle used with present tense to denote past action

(indeclinable)

Note: Used with present participle to denote past action (historical present/past)

मैथिलीम् (maithilīm) - for Maithili (Sita)

(proper noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of maithilī

maithilī - princess of Mithila, a name for Sita

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