वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-3, chapter-50, verse-4

न नूनं राम जानासि महद्व्यसनमात्मजः ।
धावन्ति नूनं काकुत्स्थ मदर्थं मृगपक्षिणः ॥४॥

4. na nūnaṃ rāma jānāsi mahadvyasanamātmajaḥ ,
dhāvanti nūnaṃ kākutstha madarthaṃ mṛgapakṣiṇaḥ.

4. na nūnam rāma jānāsi mahat vyasanam ātma-jaḥ |
dhāvanti nūnam kākutstha mad-artham mṛga-pakṣiṇaḥ

4. rāma ātma-jaḥ nūnam mahat vyasanam na jānāsi
kākutstha nūnam mṛga-pakṣiṇaḥ mad-artham dhāvanti

4. Indeed, O Rāma, my beloved, you surely do not know my great distress. Indeed, O Kakutstha, animals and birds are certainly running for my sake.

Words meanings summery:

• न (na) - not, no

• नूनम् (nūnam) - indeed, surely, certainly

• राम (rāma) - O Rāma

• जानासि (jānāsi) - you know

• महत् (mahat) - great, large, mighty

• व्यसनम् (vyasanam) - calamity, distress, misfortune

• आत्म-जः (ātma-jaḥ) - O beloved one (addressing Rāma) (born of oneself, beloved, dear one)

• धावन्ति (dhāvanti) - they run

• नूनम् (nūnam) - indeed, surely, certainly

• काकुत्स्थ (kākutstha) - O descendant of Kakutstha (Rāma)

• मद्-अर्थम् (mad-artham) - for my sake, for my purpose

• मृग-पक्षिणः (mṛga-pakṣiṇaḥ) - animals and birds

Words meanings and morphology

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

Note: negation particle

नूनम् (nūnam) - indeed, surely, certainly

(indeclinable)

Note: emphatic particle

राम (rāma) - O Rāma

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rāma

rāma - Rāma (a proper name), pleasing, dark

जानासि (jānāsi) - you know

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, present indicative (laṭ) of jñā

Present active indicative

root of 9th class

Root: jñā (class 9)

महत् (mahat) - great, large, mighty

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of mahat

mahat - great, large, mighty

Present Active Participle

From root mah (to be great)

Root: mah (class 1)

व्यसनम् (vyasanam) - calamity, distress, misfortune

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vyasana

vyasana - calamity, distress, misfortune, addiction

From root as with prefix vi

Prefix: vi

Root: as (class 4)

आत्म-जः (ātma-jaḥ) - O beloved one (addressing Rāma) (born of oneself, beloved, dear one)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ātma-ja

ātma-ja - born of oneself, related to the self, son, beloved

Derivative from ātman + jan (root)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (ātman+ja)

• ātman – self, soul, spirit
  noun (masculine)
• ja – born, produced from
  adjective
  nominal derivative from root jan
  Root: jan (class 4)

Note: Here used as a term of endearment for Rāma, though grammatically nominative singular.

धावन्ति (dhāvanti) - they run

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present indicative (laṭ) of dhāv

Present active indicative

root of 1st class

Root: dhāv (class 1)

नूनम् (nūnam) - indeed, surely, certainly

(indeclinable)

Note: emphatic particle

काकुत्स्थ (kākutstha) - O descendant of Kakutstha (Rāma)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of kākutstha

kākutstha - descendant of Kakutstha (an epithet for Rāma)

Derived from Kakutstha

मद्-अर्थम् (mad-artham) - for my sake, for my purpose

(indeclinable)

Adverbial accusative of tatpuruṣa compound

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (mad+artha)

• mad – my, me (genitive form of aham in compounds)
  pronoun
  stem of aham
• artha – purpose, meaning, sake, wealth
  noun (masculine)
  Root: ṛdh (class 5)

मृग-पक्षिणः (mṛga-pakṣiṇaḥ) - animals and birds

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of mṛga-pakṣin

mṛga-pakṣin - animals and birds

Compound type : dvandva (mṛga+pakṣin)

• mṛga – deer, animal
  noun (masculine)
  Root: mṛg (class 2)
• pakṣin – bird
  noun (masculine)

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