वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-3, chapter-50, verse-3

निमित्तं लक्षणज्ञानं शकुनिस्वरदर्शनम् ।
अवश्यं सुखदुःखेषु नराणां प्रतिदृश्यते ॥३॥

3. nimittaṃ lakṣaṇajñānaṃ śakunisvaradarśanam ,
avaśyaṃ sukhaduḥkheṣu narāṇāṃ pratidṛśyate.

3. nimittam lakṣaṇajñānam śakunisvaradarśanam
avaśyam sukhaduḥkheṣu narāṇām pratidṛśyate

3. nimittam lakṣaṇajñānam śakunisvaradarśanam
avaśyam narāṇām sukhaduḥkheṣu pratidṛśyate

3. Omens, the knowledge of auspicious marks, and the perception of bird sounds are certainly observed by humans in both their joys and their sorrows.

Words meanings summery:

• निमित्तम् (nimittam) - omen, sign (omen, sign, cause)

• लक्षणज्ञानम् (lakṣaṇajñānam) - knowledge of auspicious marks (knowledge of marks/signs)

• शकुनिस्वरदर्शनम् (śakunisvaradarśanam) - the observation of bird calls (perception/observation of bird sounds)

• अवश्यम् (avaśyam) - certainly (certainly, necessarily, undoubtedly)

• सुखदुःखेषु (sukhaduḥkheṣu) - in both their joys and their sorrows (in joys and sorrows)

• नराणाम् (narāṇām) - by humans (of men, for men, among men)

• प्रतिदृश्यते (pratidṛśyate) - is observed (is seen, is perceived, appears)

Words meanings and morphology

निमित्तम् (nimittam) - omen, sign (omen, sign, cause)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of nimitta

nimitta - sign, omen, cause, occasion

Note: One of the subjects of 'pratidṛśyate'.

लक्षणज्ञानम् (lakṣaṇajñānam) - knowledge of auspicious marks (knowledge of marks/signs)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of lakṣaṇajñāna

lakṣaṇajñāna - knowledge of marks or signs

Compound type : tatpurusha (lakṣaṇa+jñāna)

• lakṣaṇa – mark, sign, characteristic, auspicious mark
  noun (neuter)
  Root: lakṣ (class 1)
• jñāna – knowledge, wisdom
  noun (neuter)
  Root: jñā (class 9)

Note: One of the subjects of 'pratidṛśyate'.

शकुनिस्वरदर्शनम् (śakunisvaradarśanam) - the observation of bird calls (perception/observation of bird sounds)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of śakunisvaradarśana

śakunisvaradarśana - perception of bird sounds

Compound type : tatpurusha (śakuni+svara+darśana)

• śakuni – bird
  noun (masculine)
• svara – sound, voice, tone
  noun (masculine)
• darśana – seeing, perception, observation
  noun (neuter)
  Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: One of the subjects of 'pratidṛśyate'.

अवश्यम् (avaśyam) - certainly (certainly, necessarily, undoubtedly)

(indeclinable)

From 'avaśya' (certain, necessary), used adverbially.

Note: Modifies the verb 'pratidṛśyate'.

सुखदुःखेषु (sukhaduḥkheṣu) - in both their joys and their sorrows (in joys and sorrows)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, plural of sukhaduḥkha

sukhaduḥkha - joy and sorrow, pleasure and pain

Compound type : dvandva (sukha+duḥkha)

• sukha – joy, pleasure, happiness
  noun (neuter)
• duḥkha – sorrow, pain, suffering
  noun (neuter)

Note: Refers to the circumstances in which these signs are observed.

नराणाम् (narāṇām) - by humans (of men, for men, among men)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of nara

nara - man, human, person

Note: Agent in passive construction often takes genitive or instrumental. Here 'of men'.

प्रतिदृश्यते (pratidṛśyate) - is observed (is seen, is perceived, appears)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present (Lat) of pratidṛś

Present Passive

Present 3rd person singular, passive voice; from √dṛś (to see) with prefix prati, passive stem formation -ya

Prefix: prati

Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: The subjects are the three preceding nominative nouns. The verb is singular, likely agreeing with the first or the implied collective sense of the subjects.

Previous Verse Next Verse