वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-3, chapter-29, verse-22

विह्वलः स कृतो बाणैः खरो रामेण संयुगे ।
मत्तो रुधिरगन्धेन तमेवाभ्यद्रवद्द्रुतम् ॥२२॥

22. vihvalaḥ sa kṛto bāṇaiḥ kharo rāmeṇa saṃyuge ,
matto rudhiragandhena tamevābhyadravaddrutam.

22. vihvalaḥ saḥ kṛtaḥ bāṇaiḥ kharaḥ rāmeṇa saṃyuge
mattaḥ rudhiragandhena tam eva abhyadravat drutam

22. saḥ kharaḥ rāmeṇa bāṇaiḥ saṃyuge vihvalaḥ kṛtaḥ
rudhiragandhena mattaḥ tam eva drutam abhyadravat

22. In battle, Khara was rendered distraught by Rama's arrows. Maddened by the smell of blood, he swiftly rushed towards Rama himself.

Words meanings summery:

• विह्वलः (vihvalaḥ) - agitated, bewildered, distraught

• सः (saḥ) - referring to Khara (he)

• कृतः (kṛtaḥ) - made, rendered, done

• बाणैः (bāṇaiḥ) - by arrows

• खरः (kharaḥ) - name of a demon (Khara)

• रामेण (rāmeṇa) - by Rama

• संयुगे (saṁyuge) - in battle, in combat

• मत्तः (mattaḥ) - maddened, intoxicated, inflamed

• रुधिरगन्धेन (rudhiragandhena) - by the smell of blood

• तम् (tam) - referring to Rama (him)

• एव (eva) - indeed, only, just

• अभ्यद्रवत् (abhyadravat) - he rushed towards

• द्रुतम् (drutam) - swiftly, quickly

Words meanings and morphology

विह्वलः (vihvalaḥ) - agitated, bewildered, distraught

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vihvala

vihvala - agitated, bewildered, distraught, confused

Derived from 'vi-' (prefix) + root 'hval' (to tremble)

Prefix: vi

Root: hval (class 1)

सः (saḥ) - referring to Khara (he)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

कृतः (kṛtaḥ) - made, rendered, done

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kṛta

kṛta - done, made, performed

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root 'kṛ'

Root: kṛ (class 8)

बाणैः (bāṇaiḥ) - by arrows

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of bāṇa

bāṇa - arrow

खरः (kharaḥ) - name of a demon (Khara)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of khara

khara - Khara (a demon's name); ass, mule, sharp, harsh

रामेण (rāmeṇa) - by Rama

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of rāma

rāma - Rama (proper noun); pleasing, charming

संयुगे (saṁyuge) - in battle, in combat

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of saṃyuga

saṁyuga - battle, combat, conflict

मत्तः (mattaḥ) - maddened, intoxicated, inflamed

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of matta

matta - intoxicated, maddened, wild, lustful

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root 'mad'

Root: mad (class 4)

रुधिरगन्धेन (rudhiragandhena) - by the smell of blood

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of rudhiragandha

rudhiragandha - smell of blood

Compound type : tatpurusha (rudhira+gandha)

• rudhira – blood
  noun (neuter)
• gandha – smell, fragrance, scent
  noun (masculine)

तम् (tam) - referring to Rama (him)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

एव (eva) - indeed, only, just

(indeclinable)

अभ्यद्रवत् (abhyadravat) - he rushed towards

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperfect (laṅ) of abhi-dru

Prefix: abhi

Root: dru (class 1)

द्रुतम् (drutam) - swiftly, quickly

(indeclinable)

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root 'dru'

Root: dru (class 1)

Note: Adverbial usage of neuter accusative singular