वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-3, chapter-29, verse-1

भित्त्वा तु तां गदां बाणै राघवो धर्मवत्सलः ।
स्मयमानः खरं वाक्यं संरब्धमिदमब्रवीत् ॥१॥

1. bhittvā tu tāṃ gadāṃ bāṇai rāghavo dharmavatsalaḥ ,
smayamānaḥ kharaṃ vākyaṃ saṃrabdhamidamabravīt.

1. bhittvā tu tām gadām bāṇaiḥ rāghavaḥ dharmavatsalaḥ
smayamānaḥ kharam vākyam saṃrabdham idam abravīt

1. rāghavaḥ dharmavatsalaḥ tām gadām bāṇaiḥ bhittvā tu
smayamānaḥ kharam prati idam saṃrabdham vākyam abravīt

1. Having indeed shattered that mace with his arrows, Rama (Rāghava), devoted to righteousness (dharma), smiled and spoke these fierce words to Khara.

Words meanings summery:

• भित्त्वा (bhittvā) - having split, having broken, having pierced

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, yet

• ताम् (tām) - that (feminine, accusative)

• गदाम् (gadām) - mace, club

• बाणैः (bāṇaiḥ) - with arrows

• राघवः (rāghavaḥ) - Rama, descendant of Raghu

• धर्मवत्सलः (dharmavatsalaḥ) - devoted to righteousness (dharma), fond of natural law

• स्मयमानः (smayamānaḥ) - smiling, smirking

• खरम् (kharam) - to Khara

• वाक्यम् (vākyam) - word, statement, speech

• संरब्धम् (saṁrabdham) - fierce, provocative (words) (enraged, fierce, provoked, stimulated)

• इदम् (idam) - this, these

• अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - spoke, said

Words meanings and morphology

भित्त्वा (bhittvā) - having split, having broken, having pierced

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

From root bhid (to split, break) + tvā suffix.

Root: bhid (class 7)

तु (tu) - but, indeed, yet

(indeclinable)

Particle used for emphasis or contrast.

ताम् (tām) - that (feminine, accusative)

(pronoun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that, this, she, it

Note: Refers to 'gadām'.

गदाम् (gadām) - mace, club

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of gadā

gadā - mace, club

Note: Direct object of 'bhittvā'.

बाणैः (bāṇaiḥ) - with arrows

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of bāṇa

bāṇa - arrow

Root: ban (class 1)

Note: Instrument of 'bhittvā'.

राघवः (rāghavaḥ) - Rama, descendant of Raghu

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rāghava

rāghava - descendant of Raghu, Rama

Derived from Raghu with the patronymic suffix -a.

Note: Subject of the sentence.

धर्मवत्सलः (dharmavatsalaḥ) - devoted to righteousness (dharma), fond of natural law

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dharmavatsala

dharmavatsala - devoted to righteousness (dharma), fond of natural law

Compound of dharma (righteousness, natural law) and vatsala (affectionate, fond).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dharma+vatsala)

• dharma – righteousness, natural law, constitution, duty
  noun (masculine)
  From root dhṛ (to uphold, support).
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)
• vatsala – affectionate, fond, devoted
  adjective (masculine)
  Derived from vatsa (calf, child), meaning 'like a calf'.

Note: Qualifies 'rāghavaḥ'.

स्मयमानः (smayamānaḥ) - smiling, smirking

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of smayamāna

smayamāna - smiling, smirking

Present Middle Participle (śānac)

From root smi (to smile) + śānac suffix.

Root: smi (class 1)

Note: Indicates the state of the subject while speaking.

खरम् (kharam) - to Khara

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of khara

khara - Khara (proper noun), sharp, cruel, donkey

Root: khar (class 1)

Note: Object of implied 'spoke to'.

वाक्यम् (vākyam) - word, statement, speech

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vākya

vākya - word, speech, statement, sentence

From vac (to speak) + ya suffix.

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Direct object of 'abravīt'.

संरब्धम् (saṁrabdham) - fierce, provocative (words) (enraged, fierce, provoked, stimulated)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of saṃrabdha

saṁrabdha - enraged, fierce, provoked, stimulated, begun

Past Passive Participle

From sam-rabh (to seize, become agitated, begin) + kta suffix.

Prefix: sam

Root: rabh (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'vākyam'.

इदम् (idam) - this, these

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of idam

idam - this, these

Pronominal stem.

Note: Qualifies 'vākyam'.

अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - spoke, said

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of brū

Imperfect

From root brū (to speak), augmented with 'a' for Imperfect, 3rd person singular.

Root: brū (class 2)