वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-3, chapter-29, verse-13

तमेवमभिसंरब्धं ब्रुवाणं राघवं रणे ।
खरो निर्भर्त्सयामास रोषात् खरतर स्वनः ॥१३॥

13. tamevamabhisaṃrabdhaṃ bruvāṇaṃ rāghavaṃ raṇe ,
kharo nirbhartsayāmāsa roṣāt kharatara svanaḥ.

13. tam evam abhisaṃrabdham bruvāṇam rāghavam raṇe
kharaḥ nirbhartsayāmāsa roṣāt kharataraḥ svanaḥ

13. raṇe evam abhisaṃrabdham bruvāṇam tam rāghavam
kharataraḥ svanaḥ kharaḥ roṣāt nirbhartsayāmāsa

13. Then, Khara, with an exceedingly harsh voice, angrily rebuked Rāghava, who was speaking thus and was greatly enraged on the battlefield.

Words meanings summery:

• तम् (tam) - him

• एवम् (evam) - thus, in this manner

• अभिसंरब्धम् (abhisaṁrabdham) - enraged, furious, highly agitated

• ब्रुवाणम् (bruvāṇam) - speaking, uttering

• राघवम् (rāghavam) - Rāghava (Rama)

• रणे (raṇe) - in battle, on the battlefield

• खरः (kharaḥ) - Khara (name of a demon)

• निर्भर्त्सयामास (nirbhartsayāmāsa) - rebuked, censured

• रोषात् (roṣāt) - from anger, angrily

• खरतरः (kharataraḥ) - harsher, more severe, exceedingly harsh

• स्वनः (svanaḥ) - sound, voice, noise

Words meanings and morphology

तम् (tam) - him

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, him

एवम् (evam) - thus, in this manner

(indeclinable)

अभिसंरब्धम् (abhisaṁrabdham) - enraged, furious, highly agitated

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of abhisaṃrabdha

abhisaṁrabdha - greatly enraged, furious, highly agitated

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root rabh (to take, seize) with prefixes abhi and sam

Prefixes: abhi+sam

Root: rabh (class 1)

ब्रुवाणम् (bruvāṇam) - speaking, uttering

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of brū

brū - to speak, to say, to tell

Present Active Participle

Derived from root brū (to speak) with śānac suffix (middle voice)

Root: brū (class 2)

राघवम् (rāghavam) - Rāghava (Rama)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of rāghava

rāghava - descendant of Raghu, name of Rama

Patronymic from Raghu

रणे (raṇe) - in battle, on the battlefield

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of raṇa

raṇa - battle, war, combat, conflict

खरः (kharaḥ) - Khara (name of a demon)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of khara

khara - Khara (a demon in the Ramayana), donkey, harsh, sharp

निर्भर्त्सयामास (nirbhartsayāmāsa) - rebuked, censured

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of nirbharts

Causative perfect

From root bharts (to abuse, censure) with prefix nir; causative stem bhartsaya; perfect tense form.

Prefix: nir

Root: bharts (class 10)

रोषात् (roṣāt) - from anger, angrily

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of roṣa

roṣa - anger, wrath, rage

Derived from root ruṣ (to be angry)

Root: ruṣ (class 4)

खरतरः (kharataraḥ) - harsher, more severe, exceedingly harsh

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kharatara

kharatara - harsher, more severe, exceedingly sharp/cruel

Comparative degree formed by adding suffix -tara to khara

स्वनः (svanaḥ) - sound, voice, noise

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of svana

svana - sound, noise, voice, tone

Derived from root svan (to sound, to make a noise)

Root: svan (class 1)