वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-2, chapter-41, verse-14

जाग्रतो ह्येव तां रात्रिं सौमित्रेरुदितो रविः ।
सूतस्य तमसातीरे रामस्य ब्रुवतो गुणान् ॥१४॥

14. jāgrato hyeva tāṃ rātriṃ saumitrerudito raviḥ ,
sūtasya tamasātīre rāmasya bruvato guṇān.

14. jāgrataḥ hi eva tām rātrim saumitreḥ uditaḥ
raviḥ sūtasya tamasātīre rāmasya bruvataḥ guṇān

14. hi eva raviḥ uditaḥ tām rātrim tamasātīre
jāgrataḥ saumitreḥ sūtasya rāmasya guṇān bruvataḥ

14. Indeed, the sun rose while Lakṣmaṇa and the charioteer remained awake throughout that night on the bank of the Tamasā, as [the charioteer] narrated the qualities of Rāma.

Words meanings summery:

• जाग्रतः (jāgrataḥ) - of one who is awake, while awake

• हि (hi) - indeed, surely, for

• एव (eva) - only, just, indeed, certainly

• ताम् (tām) - that (night) (that, her)

• रात्रिम् (rātrim) - night

• सौमित्रेः (saumitreḥ) - of Lakṣmaṇa (son of Sumitrā)

• उदितः (uditaḥ) - risen, ascended, appeared

• रविः (raviḥ) - sun

• सूतस्य (sūtasya) - of the charioteer, of the bard

• तमसातीरे (tamasātīre) - on the bank of the Tamasā

• रामस्य (rāmasya) - of Rāma

• ब्रुवतः (bruvataḥ) - speaking, narrating, saying

• गुणान् (guṇān) - qualities, virtues, attributes

Words meanings and morphology

जाग्रतः (jāgrataḥ) - of one who is awake, while awake

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of jāgrat

jāgrat - awake, watchful

Present Active Participle

root jāgṛ + śatṛ

Root: jāgṛ (class 2)

Note: Used in a genitive absolute construction with Saumitreḥ and Sūtasya.

हि (hi) - indeed, surely, for

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - only, just, indeed, certainly

(indeclinable)

ताम् (tām) - that (night) (that, her)

(pronoun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that, this, he, she, it

रात्रिम् (rātrim) - night

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of rātri

rātri - night

सौमित्रेः (saumitreḥ) - of Lakṣmaṇa (son of Sumitrā)

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of saumitri

saumitri - son of Sumitrā (Lakṣmaṇa or Śatrughna)

उदितः (uditaḥ) - risen, ascended, appeared

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of udita

udita - risen, ascended, appeared, spoken

Past Passive Participle

root i (to go) with prefix ud

Prefix: ud

Root: i (class 2)

रविः (raviḥ) - sun

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ravi

ravi - the sun, the sun god

सूतस्य (sūtasya) - of the charioteer, of the bard

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of sūta

sūta - charioteer, bard, royal herald

तमसातीरे (tamasātīre) - on the bank of the Tamasā

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of tamasātīra

tamasātīra - bank of the Tamasā river

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (tamasā+tīra)

• tamasā – name of a river
  proper noun (feminine)
• tīra – bank, shore, coast
  noun (neuter)

रामस्य (rāmasya) - of Rāma

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of rāma

rāma - Rāma (the son of Daśaratha, a revered king and avatar of Viṣṇu)

ब्रुवतः (bruvataḥ) - speaking, narrating, saying

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of bruvat

bruvat - speaking, saying, declaring

Present Active Participle

root brū + śatṛ

Root: brū (class 2)

Note: Used in a genitive absolute construction with Sūtasya.

गुणान् (guṇān) - qualities, virtues, attributes

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of guṇa

guṇa - quality, virtue, attribute, property, excellence

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