वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-2, chapter-41, verse-2

इयमद्य निशा पूर्वा सौमित्रे प्रस्थिता वनम् ।
वनवासस्य भद्रं ते स नोत्कण्ठितुमर्हसि ॥२॥

2. iyamadya niśā pūrvā saumitre prasthitā vanam ,
vanavāsasya bhadraṃ te sa notkaṇṭhitumarhasi.

2. iyam adya niśā pūrvā saumitre prasthitā vanam
vanavāsasya bhadram te saḥ na utkaṇṭhitum arhasi

2. saumitre iyam adya pūrvā niśā vanam prasthitā.
vanavāsasya te bhadram.
saḥ na utkaṇṭhitum arhasi

2. O Saumitri (Lakṣmaṇa), this is our first night, today, having departed for the forest. May good fortune (bhadram) be with you in your forest-dwelling (vanavāsasya). Therefore, you should not be anxious.

Words meanings summery:

• इयम् (iyam) - this

• अद्य (adya) - today, now

• निशा (niśā) - night

• पूर्वा (pūrvā) - the first (night) (first, initial, eastern)

• सौमित्रे (saumitre) - O Saumitri (Lakṣmaṇa)

• प्रस्थिता (prasthitā) - having set out, departed

• वनम् (vanam) - forest, wood

• वनवासस्य (vanavāsasya) - of forest-dwelling, for forest-dwelling

• भद्रम् (bhadram) - May good fortune be with you (welfare, good fortune, auspiciousness)

• ते (te) - to you, for you, your

• सः (saḥ) - therefore, regarding that (that, he)

• न (na) - not

• उत्कण्ठितुम् (utkaṇṭhitum) - to be anxious, to long for, to regret

• अर्हसि (arhasi) - you ought, you are able, you should

Words meanings and morphology

इयम् (iyam) - this

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of idam

idam - this

Note: Agrees with `niśā`.

अद्य (adya) - today, now

(indeclinable)

Note: Refers to the current day/night.

निशा (niśā) - night

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of niśā

niśā - night

Note: Subject.

पूर्वा (pūrvā) - the first (night) (first, initial, eastern)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of pūrva

pūrva - first, prior, ancient, eastern

Note: Agrees with `niśā`.

सौमित्रे (saumitre) - O Saumitri (Lakṣmaṇa)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of saumitri

saumitri - son of Sumitrā; an epithet of Lakṣmaṇa

Derived from Sumitrā with `i` suffix (descendant)

Note: Direct address to Lakṣmaṇa.

प्रस्थिता (prasthitā) - having set out, departed

(participle)

Nominative, feminine, singular of prasthita

prasthita - set out, departed, gone forth

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root `sthā` (to stand) with prefix `pra-`

Prefix: pra

Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Agrees with `niśā`, implying the night "has set out" or "begun its course" in the forest.

वनम् (vanam) - forest, wood

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vana

vana - forest, wood, grove

Note: Direction of departure.

वनवासस्य (vanavāsasya) - of forest-dwelling, for forest-dwelling

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of vanavāsa

vanavāsa - dwelling in a forest, forest-life, exile in a forest

Compound of `vana` (forest) and `vāsa` (dwelling)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (vana+vāsa)

• vana – forest, wood
  noun (neuter)
• vāsa – dwelling, residence
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root `vas` (to dwell)
  Root: vas (class 1)

Note: Indicates purpose or relation.

भद्रम् (bhadram) - May good fortune be with you (welfare, good fortune, auspiciousness)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of bhadra

bhadra - auspicious, fortunate, good, welfare, prosperity

Note: Implied verb `astu` (may it be).

ते (te) - to you, for you, your

(pronoun)

Dative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

Note: "To you" or "for your sake".

सः (saḥ) - therefore, regarding that (that, he)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Sandhi `s` (visarga dropped) with following `na`.

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

Note: Negates the verb `arhasi`.

उत्कण्ठितुम् (utkaṇṭhitum) - to be anxious, to long for, to regret

(verb)

active, infinitive (tumun) of utkaṇṭhitum

Infinitive

Derived from root `kaṇṭh` (to desire) with prefix `ud-`

Prefix: ud

Root: kaṇṭh (class 1)

Note: Acts as the object of `arhasi`.

अर्हसि (arhasi) - you ought, you are able, you should

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of arh

Present, Parasmaipada

Root: arh (class 1)

Note: Main verb.