वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-2, chapter-41, verse-28

स संतीर्य महाबाहुः श्रीमाञ् शिवमकण्टकम् ।
प्रापद्यत महामार्गमभयं भयदर्शिनाम् ॥२८॥

28. sa saṃtīrya mahābāhuḥ śrīmāñ śivamakaṇṭakam ,
prāpadyata mahāmārgamabhayaṃ bhayadarśinām.

28. saḥ saṃtīrya mahābāhuḥ śrīmān śivam akaṇṭakam
prāpadyata mahāmārgam abhayam bhayadarśinām

28. saḥ mahābāhuḥ śrīmān śivam akaṇṭakam saṃtīrya
bhayadarśinām abhayam mahāmārgam prāpadyata

28. He, the mighty-armed and glorious one, having successfully traversed [the difficulty], reached a great path that was auspicious and free from obstacles, offering security to those who perceive danger.

Words meanings summery:

• सः (saḥ) - he, that

• संतीर्य (saṁtīrya) - having crossed over, having traversed

• महाबाहुः (mahābāhuḥ) - mighty-armed, great-armed

• श्रीमान् (śrīmān) - glorious, prosperous, splendid

• शिवम् (śivam) - auspicious, propitious, safe

• अकण्टकम् (akaṇṭakam) - thornless, unobstructed, free from difficulties

• प्रापद्यत (prāpadyata) - he attained, he reached

• महामार्गम् (mahāmārgam) - the great path, highway

• अभयम् (abhayam) - fearlessness, safety, security

• भयदर्शिनाम् (bhayadarśinām) - of those who perceive fear, of those who see danger

Words meanings and morphology

सः (saḥ) - he, that

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

संतीर्य (saṁtīrya) - having crossed over, having traversed

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Formed from the root tṛ (to cross) with the prefix sam, followed by the suffix -ya.

Prefix: sam

Root: tṛ (class 1)

महाबाहुः (mahābāhuḥ) - mighty-armed, great-armed

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahābāhu

mahābāhu - one with great arms, mighty-armed (an epithet of strong heroes)

Compound type : Bahuvrīhi (mahā+bāhu)

• mahat – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• bāhu – arm
  noun (masculine)

श्रीमान् (śrīmān) - glorious, prosperous, splendid

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śrīmat

śrīmat - possessing glory, splendid, prosperous, fortunate

Formed by adding the possessive suffix -mat to the noun śrī (glory, prosperity).

शिवम् (śivam) - auspicious, propitious, safe

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of śiva

śiva - auspicious, propitious, benevolent, safe; welfare, prosperity

Note: Used here as an adjective modifying 'mahāmārgam' or adverbially 'safely'.

अकण्टकम् (akaṇṭakam) - thornless, unobstructed, free from difficulties

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of akaṇṭaka

akaṇṭaka - without thorns, free from obstacles, unimpeded

Compound type : Nañ-Tatpuruṣa (a+kaṇṭaka)

• a – not, non-, un-
  indeclinable
• kaṇṭaka – thorn, obstacle, difficulty, impediment
  noun (masculine)

Note: Used here as an adjective modifying 'mahāmārgam' or adverbially 'without hindrance'.

प्रापद्यत (prāpadyata) - he attained, he reached

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, Imperfect (past tense) (Laṅ) of pra-pad

Prefix: pra

Root: pad (class 4)

महामार्गम् (mahāmārgam) - the great path, highway

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of mahāmārga

mahāmārga - a great road, highway, principal road

Compound type : Karmadhāraya (mahā+mārga)

• mahat – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• mārga – path, road, way
  noun (masculine)
  Root: mṛj (class 2)

अभयम् (abhayam) - fearlessness, safety, security

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of abhaya

abhaya - fearlessness, safety, security; fearless, safe

Compound type : Nañ-Tatpuruṣa (a+bhaya)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
• bhaya – fear, danger, dread
  noun (neuter)
  Root: bhī (class 3)

Note: Here functioning as a noun, the object provided by the path, or as an adjective to 'mahāmārgam'.

भयदर्शिनाम् (bhayadarśinām) - of those who perceive fear, of those who see danger

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of bhayadarśin

bhayadarśin - one who sees or perceives fear/danger

Agent noun formed from 'bhaya' and 'darśin' (seer).

Compound type : Upapada Tatpuruṣa (bhaya+darśin)

• bhaya – fear, danger
  noun (neuter)
  Root: bhī (class 3)
• darśin – one who sees, a seer, observer
  adjective (masculine)
  Derived from root dṛś (to see) with suffix -in.
  Root: dṛś (class 1)

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