वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-2, chapter-41, verse-16

उत्थाय तु महातेजाः प्रकृतीस्ता निशाम्य च ।
अब्रवीद्भ्रातरं रामो लक्ष्मणं पुण्यलक्षणम् ॥१६॥

16. utthāya tu mahātejāḥ prakṛtīstā niśāmya ca ,
abravīdbhrātaraṃ rāmo lakṣmaṇaṃ puṇyalakṣaṇam.

16. utthāya tu mahātejāḥ prakṛtīḥ tāḥ niśāmya ca
abravīt bhrātaram rāmaḥ lakṣmaṇam puṇyalakṣaṇam

16. mahātejāḥ rāmaḥ tu utthāya tāḥ prakṛtīḥ niśāmya
ca puṇyalakṣaṇam bhrātaram lakṣmaṇam abravīt

16. Having risen and observed those subjects (prakṛti), the greatly radiant Rāma then spoke to his brother Lakṣmaṇa, who possessed auspicious marks.

Words meanings summery:

• उत्थाय (utthāya) - having woken up and risen (having risen, having stood up)

• तु (tu) - then, indeed (emphatic) (indeed, but, on the other hand)

• महातेजाः (mahātejāḥ) - the greatly radiant one (referring to Rāma) (greatly radiant, highly effulgent, very splendorous)

• प्रकृतीः (prakṛtīḥ) - the subjects, the citizens (natures, original forms, subjects, citizens)

• ताः (tāḥ) - those (referring to the subjects/citizens) (those)

• निशाम्य (niśāmya) - having observed (having seen, having observed, having perceived)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - he spoke (he spoke, he said)

• भ्रातरम् (bhrātaram) - to his brother (brother, to the brother)

• रामः (rāmaḥ) - Rāma

• लक्ष्मणम् (lakṣmaṇam) - to Lakṣmaṇa (Lakṣmaṇa, to Lakṣmaṇa)

• पुण्यलक्षणम् (puṇyalakṣaṇam) - who possessed auspicious marks (possessing auspicious marks, of virtuous character)

Words meanings and morphology

उत्थाय (utthāya) - having woken up and risen (having risen, having stood up)

(indeclinable)

absolutive (gerund)

formed from ut-sthā root with -ya suffix for absolutive, after prefix.

Prefix: ut

Root: sthā (class 1)

तु (tu) - then, indeed (emphatic) (indeed, but, on the other hand)

(indeclinable)

particle

महातेजाः (mahātejāḥ) - the greatly radiant one (referring to Rāma) (greatly radiant, highly effulgent, very splendorous)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahātejas

mahātejas - greatly radiant, highly effulgent, possessing great splendor

compound adjective

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahā+tejas)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• tejas – splendor, brilliance, energy, spiritual power
  noun (neuter)

Note: Refers to Rāma.

प्रकृतीः (prakṛtīḥ) - the subjects, the citizens (natures, original forms, subjects, citizens)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, plural of prakṛti

prakṛti - nature (prakṛti), original form, primary substance, citizens, subjects

Root: kṛ (class 8)

ताः (tāḥ) - those (referring to the subjects/citizens) (those)

(pronoun)

Accusative, feminine, plural of tad

tad - that, those

Note: Adjective for prakṛtīḥ.

निशाम्य (niśāmya) - having observed (having seen, having observed, having perceived)

(indeclinable)

absolutive (gerund)

formed from ni-śam root with -ya suffix for absolutive, after prefix.

Prefix: ni

Root: śam (class 4)

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

particle

अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - he spoke (he spoke, he said)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of bru

imperfect active

3rd person singular imperfect active of root bru

Root: bru (class 2)

Note: Subject is Rāma.

भ्रातरम् (bhrātaram) - to his brother (brother, to the brother)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of bhrātṛ

bhrātṛ - brother

Note: Object of abravīt.

रामः (rāmaḥ) - Rāma

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rāma

rāma - Rāma (name of the hero of Rāmāyaṇa)

Note: Subject of the sentence.

लक्ष्मणम् (lakṣmaṇam) - to Lakṣmaṇa (Lakṣmaṇa, to Lakṣmaṇa)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of lakṣmaṇa

lakṣmaṇa - Lakṣmaṇa (name of Rāma's brother)

Note: Object of abravīt.

पुण्यलक्षणम् (puṇyalakṣaṇam) - who possessed auspicious marks (possessing auspicious marks, of virtuous character)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of puṇyalakṣaṇa

puṇyalakṣaṇa - having auspicious marks, of virtuous character, blessed

compound adjective

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (puṇya+lakṣaṇa)

• puṇya – meritorious, virtuous, sacred, auspicious
  adjective
• lakṣaṇa – mark, sign, characteristic, attribute
  noun (neuter)

Note: Adjective for Lakṣmaṇam.

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