वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-2, chapter-41, verse-32

रथस्य मार्गनाशेन न्यवर्तन्त मनस्विनः ।
किमिदं किं करिष्यामो दैवेनोपहता इति ॥३२॥

32. rathasya mārganāśena nyavartanta manasvinaḥ ,
kimidaṃ kiṃ kariṣyāmo daivenopahatā iti.

32. rathasya mārganāśena nyavartanta manasvinaḥ
kim idam kim kariṣyāmaḥ daivena upahatāḥ iti

32. manasvinaḥ nyavartanta rathasya mārganāśena
iti kim idam kim kariṣyāmaḥ daivena upahatāḥ

32. The resolute people turned back because the chariot's tracks had disappeared, thinking, "What is this? What shall we do? We are afflicted by destiny."

Words meanings summery:

• रथस्य (rathasya) - of the chariot

• मार्गनाशेन (mārganāśena) - by the destruction of the path, by the disappearance of the track

• न्यवर्तन्त (nyavartanta) - they turned back, they returned

• मनस्विनः (manasvinaḥ) - the high-minded ones, the resolute, the intelligent

• किम् (kim) - what?, why?, how?

• इदम् (idam) - this

• किम् (kim) - what?

• करिष्यामः (kariṣyāmaḥ) - we shall do, we will make

• दैवेन (daivena) - by fate, by destiny, by divine power

• उपहताः (upahatāḥ) - struck, afflicted, oppressed

• इति (iti) - thus, so, in this manner (marks the end of a quotation)

Words meanings and morphology

रथस्य (rathasya) - of the chariot

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of ratha

ratha - chariot, car, vehicle

Root: ram (class 1)

मार्गनाशेन (mārganāśena) - by the destruction of the path, by the disappearance of the track

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of mārganāśa

mārganāśa - destruction of a path, disappearance of a track

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (mārga+nāśa)

• mārga – path, road, way, track
  noun (masculine)
  Root: mṛj (class 2)
• nāśa – destruction, loss, ruin, disappearance
  noun (masculine)
  From root naś (to perish) with suffix -a.
  Root: naś (class 4)

न्यवर्तन्त (nyavartanta) - they turned back, they returned

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, imperfect past (laṅ) of nivṛt

Prefix: ni

Root: vṛt (class 1)

Note: Derived from ni + vṛt.

मनस्विनः (manasvinaḥ) - the high-minded ones, the resolute, the intelligent

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of manasvin

manasvin - high-minded, intelligent, wise, resolute

From manas (mind) + -vin (possessive suffix).

किम् (kim) - what?, why?, how?

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kim

kim - what?, which?, who?

Note: Interrogative pronoun.

इदम् (idam) - this

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of idam

idam - this, this one

Note: Demonstrative pronoun.

किम् (kim) - what?

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kim

kim - what?, which?, who?

Note: Interrogative pronoun.

करिष्यामः (kariṣyāmaḥ) - we shall do, we will make

(verb)

1st person , plural, active, future (lṛṭ) of kṛ

Root: kṛ (class 8)

दैवेन (daivena) - by fate, by destiny, by divine power

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of daiva

daiva - relating to gods, divine, fate, destiny

From deva (god) + aṇ (suffix).

उपहताः (upahatāḥ) - struck, afflicted, oppressed

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of upahata

upahata - struck, injured, afflicted, ruined, overcome

Past Passive Participle

From root han (to strike) with upasarga upa-.

Prefix: upa

Root: han (class 2)

Note: Refers to 'manasvinaḥ'.

इति (iti) - thus, so, in this manner (marks the end of a quotation)

(indeclinable)

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