वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-2, chapter-41, verse-10

सो ऽश्वान् सुमन्त्रः संयम्य सूर्ये ऽस्तं समुपागते ।
प्रभूतयवसान् कृत्वा बभूव प्रत्यनन्तरः ॥१०॥

10. so'śvān sumantraḥ saṃyamya sūrye'staṃ samupāgate ,
prabhūtayavasān kṛtvā babhūva pratyanantaraḥ.

10. saḥ aśvān sumantraḥ saṃyamya sūrye astam samupāgate
| prabhūtayavasān kṛtvā babhūva pratyanantaraḥ

10. sūrye astam samupāgate,
sumantraḥ saḥ aśvān saṃyamya,
prabhūtayavasān kṛtvā,
pratyanantaraḥ babhūva

10. Sumantra, having reined in the horses, and after the sun had set, provided them with abundant fodder, then stood nearby (Rāma).

Words meanings summery:

• सः (saḥ) - he, that one

• अश्वान् (aśvān) - horses

• सुमन्त्रः (sumantraḥ) - Sumantra

• संयम्य (saṁyamya) - having restrained, having controlled

• सूर्ये (sūrye) - in the sun, when the sun

• अस्तम् (astam) - setting, to setting

• समुपागते (samupāgate) - having approached, having set (for the sun)

• प्रभूतयवसान् (prabhūtayavasān) - provided with abundant fodder

• कृत्वा (kṛtvā) - having done, having made, having provided

• बभूव (babhūva) - he became, he was

• प्रत्यनन्तरः (pratyanantaraḥ) - near, close by, attentive

Words meanings and morphology

सः (saḥ) - he, that one

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

अश्वान् (aśvān) - horses

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of aśva

aśva - horse

सुमन्त्रः (sumantraḥ) - Sumantra

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sumantra

sumantra - Sumantra (a proper name)

संयम्य (saṁyamya) - having restrained, having controlled

(indeclinable)

absolutive (gerund)

Prefix: sam

Root: yam (class 1)

सूर्ये (sūrye) - in the sun, when the sun

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of sūrya

sūrya - sun

अस्तम् (astam) - setting, to setting

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of asta

asta - setting, home, western

समुपागते (samupāgate) - having approached, having set (for the sun)

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of samupāgata

samupāgata - approached, arrived, come near

past passive participle

Prefixes: sam+upa+ā

Root: gam (class 1)

प्रभूतयवसान् (prabhūtayavasān) - provided with abundant fodder

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of prabhūtayavasa

prabhūtayavasa - having abundant fodder

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (prabhūta+yavasa)

• prabhūta – abundant, much, produced
  adjective (masculine)
  past passive participle
  Prefix: pra
  Root: bhū
• yavasa – fodder, grass
  noun (neuter)

कृत्वा (kṛtvā) - having done, having made, having provided

(indeclinable)

absolutive (gerund)

Root: kṛ (class 8)

बभूव (babhūva) - he became, he was

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of bhū

Root: bhū (class 1)

प्रत्यनन्तरः (pratyanantaraḥ) - near, close by, attentive

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pratyanantara

pratyanantara - next, immediately following, close by

Compound type : avyayībhāva (prati+anantara)

• prati – towards, against, near
  indeclinable
• anantara – contiguous, immediately next
  adjective (neuter)