वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-2, chapter-41, verse-21

पौरा ह्यात्मकृताद्दुःखाद्विप्रमोच्या नृपात्मजैः ।
न तु खल्वात्मना योज्या दुःखेन पुरवासिनः ॥२१॥

21. paurā hyātmakṛtādduḥkhādvipramocyā nṛpātmajaiḥ ,
na tu khalvātmanā yojyā duḥkhena puravāsinaḥ.

21. paurāḥ hi ātmakṛtāt duḥkhāt vipramocyāḥ nṛpātmajaiḥ
na tu khalu ātmanā yojyāḥ duḥkhena puravāsinaḥ

21. hi nṛpātmajaiḥ paurāḥ ātmakṛtāt duḥkhāt vipramocyāḥ
tu khalu puravāsinaḥ ātmanā duḥkhena na yojyāḥ

21. For the citizens should be liberated by the king's sons from suffering (duḥkha) caused by their own actions. But certainly, the city residents should not be subjected to sorrow (duḥkha) by the king's son himself.

Words meanings summery:

• पौराः (paurāḥ) - citizens, city dwellers

• हि (hi) - indeed, for, surely

• आत्मकृतात् (ātmakṛtāt) - from self-made, from what is caused by oneself

• दुःखात् (duḥkhāt) - from suffering, from sorrow, from pain

• विप्रमोच्याः (vipramocyāḥ) - to be liberated, should be freed

• नृपात्मजैः (nṛpātmajaiḥ) - by the king's sons, by the princes

• न (na) - not, no

• तु (tu) - but, however, on the other hand

• खलु (khalu) - certainly, indeed, surely

• आत्मना (ātmanā) - by the king's son himself (by oneself, by the self)

• योज्याः (yojyāḥ) - to be yoked, to be connected, to be subjected

• दुःखेन (duḥkhena) - with suffering, by sorrow, by pain

• पुरवासिनः (puravāsinaḥ) - city residents, inhabitants of the city

Words meanings and morphology

पौराः (paurāḥ) - citizens, city dwellers

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of paura

paura - citizen, city dweller

हि (hi) - indeed, for, surely

(indeclinable)

आत्मकृतात् (ātmakṛtāt) - from self-made, from what is caused by oneself

(adjective)

Ablative, neuter, singular of ātmakṛta

ātmakṛta - self-made, caused by oneself, done by oneself

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (ātman+kṛta)

• ātman – self, soul, spirit, essence
  noun (masculine)
• kṛta – made, done, performed
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from verb root `kṛ`
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

दुःखात् (duḥkhāt) - from suffering, from sorrow, from pain

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of duḥkha

duḥkha - suffering, sorrow, pain, misery

विप्रमोच्याः (vipramocyāḥ) - to be liberated, should be freed

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of vipramocya

vipramocya - to be liberated, to be freed, proper to be released

Gerundive

Derived from verb root `muc` with prefixes `vi` and `pra`

Prefixes: vi+pra

Root: muc (class 6)

नृपात्मजैः (nṛpātmajaiḥ) - by the king's sons, by the princes

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of nṛpātmaja

nṛpātmaja - king's son, prince

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (nṛpa+ātmaja)

• nṛpa – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)
• ātmaja – son, born from oneself
  noun (masculine)

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

तु (tu) - but, however, on the other hand

(indeclinable)

खलु (khalu) - certainly, indeed, surely

(indeclinable)

आत्मना (ātmanā) - by the king's son himself (by oneself, by the self)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of ātman

ātman - self, soul, spirit, essence

योज्याः (yojyāḥ) - to be yoked, to be connected, to be subjected

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of yojya

yojya - to be yoked, to be joined, to be subjected, suitable for connection

Gerundive

Derived from verb root `yuj`

Root: yuj (class 7)

दुःखेन (duḥkhena) - with suffering, by sorrow, by pain

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of duḥkha

duḥkha - suffering, sorrow, pain, misery

पुरवासिनः (puravāsinaḥ) - city residents, inhabitants of the city

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of puravāsin

puravāsin - city resident, inhabitant of the city

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (pura+vāsin)

• pura – city, town, stronghold
  noun (neuter)
• vāsin – dweller, resident, inhabitant
  noun (masculine)
  Root: vas (class 2)