वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-2, chapter-41, verse-24

मोहनार्थं तु पौराणां सूतं रामो ऽब्रवीद्वचः ।
उदङ्मुखः प्रयाहि त्वं रथमास्थाय सारथे ॥२४॥

24. mohanārthaṃ tu paurāṇāṃ sūtaṃ rāmo'bravīdvacaḥ ,
udaṅmukhaḥ prayāhi tvaṃ rathamāsthāya sārathe.

24. mohanārtham tu paurāṇām sūtam rāmaḥ abravīt vacaḥ
| udaṅmukhaḥ prayāhi tvam ratham āsthāya sārathe

24. rāmaḥ paurāṇām mohanārtham sūtam vacaḥ abravīt
sārathe tvam ratham āsthāya udaṅmukhaḥ prayāhi

24. To deceive the citizens, Rama spoke these words to the charioteer: 'O charioteer, mount the chariot and go forth, facing north.'

Words meanings summery:

• मोहनार्थम् (mohanārtham) - for the purpose of deluding, for deception

• तु (tu) - indeed, but, on the other hand, however

• पौराणाम् (paurāṇām) - of the citizens, of the townspeople

• सूतम् (sūtam) - charioteer

• रामः (rāmaḥ) - Prince Rama, son of Dasharatha (Rama)

• अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - spoke, said

• वचः (vacaḥ) - word, speech, saying

• उदङ्मुखः (udaṅmukhaḥ) - north-facing, facing towards the north

• प्रयाहि (prayāhi) - go forth, proceed

• त्वम् (tvam) - you

• रथम् (ratham) - chariot

• आस्थाय (āsthāya) - having mounted, having taken up, having resorted to

• सारथे (sārathe) - O charioteer!

Words meanings and morphology

मोहनार्थम् (mohanārtham) - for the purpose of deluding, for deception

(indeclinable)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (mohana+artha)

• mohana – deluding, confusing, infatuating
  noun (neuter)
  verbal noun
  from root muh + ana
  Root: muh (class 4)
• artha – purpose, meaning, object, wealth
  noun (masculine)

Note: accusative singular of neuter noun used adverbially to express purpose

तु (tu) - indeed, but, on the other hand, however

(indeclinable)

पौराणाम् (paurāṇām) - of the citizens, of the townspeople

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of paura

paura - citizen, townsman, belonging to a town

from pura (town) + aṇ (taddhita suffix)

सूतम् (sūtam) - charioteer

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of sūta

sūta - charioteer, bard, one born of a Kṣatriya father and Brāhmaṇa mother

रामः (rāmaḥ) - Prince Rama, son of Dasharatha (Rama)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rāma

rāma - Rama (name of a celebrated king, son of Dasaratha), pleasing, charming

Root: ram (class 1)

अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - spoke, said

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperfect past (laṅ) of brū

Root: brū (class 2)

वचः (vacaḥ) - word, speech, saying

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vacas

vacas - word, speech, saying

from root vac (to speak)

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: also could be nominative, but accusative fits better with 'spoke words'

उदङ्मुखः (udaṅmukhaḥ) - north-facing, facing towards the north

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of udaṅmukha

udaṅmukha - north-facing, having the face turned towards the north

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (udac+mukha)

• udac – north, upward, higher
  indeclinable
• mukha – face, mouth, front, opening
  noun (neuter)

Note: modifies 'tvam' (you, the charioteer)

प्रयाहि (prayāhi) - go forth, proceed

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of yā

Prefix: pra

Root: yā (class 2)

त्वम् (tvam) - you

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of tvam

tvam - you

रथम् (ratham) - chariot

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ratha

ratha - chariot, car

from root ram or rādh

आस्थाय (āsthāya) - having mounted, having taken up, having resorted to

(indeclinable)

absolutive

from root sthā + prefix ā + ya (for absolutive)

Prefix: ā

Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: absolutive (gerund) indicating prior action

सारथे (sārathe) - O charioteer!

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of sārathi

sārathi - charioteer, driver

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