वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-2, chapter-41, verse-3

पश्य शून्यान्यरण्यानि रुदन्तीव समन्ततः ।
यथानिलयमायद्भिर्निलीनानि मृगद्विजैः ॥३॥

3. paśya śūnyānyaraṇyāni rudantīva samantataḥ ,
yathānilayamāyadbhirnilīnāni mṛgadvijaiḥ.

3. paśya śūnyāni araṇyāni rudanti iva samantataḥ
yathā nilayam āyadbhīḥ nilīnāni mṛgadvijaiḥ

3. paśya samantataḥ śūnyāni araṇyāni rudanti iva.
yathā nilayam āyadbhīḥ mṛgadvijaiḥ nilīnāni.

3. Behold the desolate forests all around, as if they are weeping! They are [now] filled with deer and birds that are hidden away, having arrived at their respective abodes.

Words meanings summery:

• पश्य (paśya) - behold, see, look

• शून्यानि (śūnyāni) - devoid of human presence (empty, desolate, void)

• अरण्यानि (araṇyāni) - forests, wildernesses

• रुदन्ति (rudanti) - they weep, they cry

• इव (iva) - as if, like, similar to

• समन्ततः (samantataḥ) - all around, on all sides, everywhere

• यथा (yathā) - in accordance with (as, just as, in what manner)

• निलयम् (nilayam) - their respective dwellings (abode, dwelling, nest)

• आयद्भीः (āyadbhīḥ) - by the deer and birds that are arriving (by those arriving, by those coming)

• निलीनानि (nilīnāni) - filled with hidden creatures (hidden, concealed, settled down)

• मृगद्विजैः (mṛgadvijaiḥ) - by deer and birds

Words meanings and morphology

पश्य (paśya) - behold, see, look

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of dṛś

Imperative, Parasmaipada

Root `dṛś` in present stem `paśya-`

Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: Direct command to Lakṣmaṇa.

शून्यानि (śūnyāni) - devoid of human presence (empty, desolate, void)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, plural of śūnya

śūnya - empty, void, desolate, deserted, non-existent

Note: Agrees with `araṇyāni`.

अरण्यानि (araṇyāni) - forests, wildernesses

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, plural of araṇya

araṇya - forest, wilderness, jungle

Note: Object of `paśya`.

रुदन्ति (rudanti) - they weep, they cry

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of rud

Present, Parasmaipada

Root: rud (class 2)

Note: Followed by `iva` (as if).

इव (iva) - as if, like, similar to

(indeclinable)

Note: Expresses similitude.

समन्ततः (samantataḥ) - all around, on all sides, everywhere

(indeclinable)

Note: Adverb of place.

यथा (yathā) - in accordance with (as, just as, in what manner)

(indeclinable)

Note: Forms an adverbial phrase with `nilayam`.

निलयम् (nilayam) - their respective dwellings (abode, dwelling, nest)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of nilaya

nilaya - abode, dwelling, nest, resting place

Note: Object of motion/direction implicitly.

आयद्भीः (āyadbhīḥ) - by the deer and birds that are arriving (by those arriving, by those coming)

(participle)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of āyat

āyat - coming, arriving, approaching

Present Active Participle

Derived from root `i` (to go) with prefix `ā-`

Prefix: ā

Root: i (class 2)

Note: Agrees with `mṛgadvijaiḥ`.

निलीनानि (nilīnāni) - filled with hidden creatures (hidden, concealed, settled down)

(participle)

Accusative, neuter, plural of nilīna

nilīna - hidden, concealed, settled down, withdrawn into

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root `lī` (to cling, hide) with prefix `ni-`

Prefix: ni

Root: lī (class 4)

Note: Agrees with `araṇyāni`, indicating the state of the forests (being filled with hidden creatures).

मृगद्विजैः (mṛgadvijaiḥ) - by deer and birds

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of mṛgadvija

mṛgadvija - deer and birds

Dvanda compound of `mṛga` (deer) and `dvija` (bird)

Compound type : dvandva (mṛga+dvija)

• mṛga – deer, animal
  noun (masculine)
• dvija – twice-born; bird
  noun (masculine)

Note: Agent in a passive construction (`nilīnāni`).