वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-2, chapter-41, verse-29

प्रभातायां तु शर्वर्यां पौरास्ते राघवो विना ।
शोकोपहतनिश्चेष्टा बभूवुर्हतचेतसः ॥२९॥

29. prabhātāyāṃ tu śarvaryāṃ paurāste rāghavo vinā ,
śokopahataniśceṣṭā babhūvurhatacetasaḥ.

29. prabhātāyām tu śarvaryām paurāḥ te rāghavaḥ
vinā śokopahatanisceṣṭāḥ babhūvuḥ hatacetasaḥ

29. tu śarvaryām prabhātāyām rāghavaḥ vinā te
paurāḥ śokopahatanisceṣṭāḥ hatacetasaḥ babhūvuḥ

29. But as the night dawned, those citizens, bereft of Rama, became motionless due to overwhelming sorrow and utterly disheartened.

Words meanings summery:

• प्रभातायाम् (prabhātāyām) - in the dawned (night), when dawned

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, on the other hand

• शर्वर्याम् (śarvaryām) - in the night

• पौराः (paurāḥ) - citizens, townsmen

• ते (te) - those

• राघवः (rāghavaḥ) - Rama (descendant of Raghu)

• विना (vinā) - without, except for, bereft of

• शोकोपहतनिस्चेष्टाः (śokopahatanisceṣṭāḥ) - motionless due to sorrow, paralyzed in action by sorrow

• बभूवुः (babhūvuḥ) - they became

• हतचेतसः (hatacetasaḥ) - with broken hearts, bewildered minds, disheartened

Words meanings and morphology

प्रभातायाम् (prabhātāyām) - in the dawned (night), when dawned

(adjective)

Locative, feminine, singular of prabhāta

prabhāta - dawned, morning, become clear; dawn

Past Passive Participle

Formed from the root bhā (to shine) with the prefix pra, followed by the suffix -kta.

Prefix: pra

Root: bhā (class 2)

तु (tu) - but, indeed, on the other hand

(indeclinable)

शर्वर्याम् (śarvaryām) - in the night

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of śarvarī

śarvarī - night

पौराः (paurāḥ) - citizens, townsmen

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of paura

paura - citizen, townsman, urban dweller

ते (te) - those

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

राघवः (rāghavaḥ) - Rama (descendant of Raghu)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rāghava

rāghava - descendant of Raghu (an epithet for Rama)

विना (vinā) - without, except for, bereft of

(indeclinable)

Note: Governs the accusative, instrumental, or ablative case.

शोकोपहतनिस्चेष्टाः (śokopahatanisceṣṭāḥ) - motionless due to sorrow, paralyzed in action by sorrow

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of śokopahatanisceṣṭa

śokopahatanisceṣṭa - one whose actions/efforts are struck down or destroyed by sorrow

Compound type : Bahuvrīhi (śoka+upahata+niśceṣṭā)

• śoka – sorrow, grief, lamentation
  noun (masculine)
  Root: śuc (class 1)
• upahata – struck, injured, destroyed, affected
  Past Passive Participle
  Past Passive Participle
  Formed from the root han (to strike, kill) with the prefix upa, followed by the suffix -kta.
  Prefix: upa
  Root: han (class 2)
• niśceṣṭā – motionless, inactive, without effort
  adjective (feminine)

बभूवुः (babhūvuḥ) - they became

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, Perfect (past tense) (Lit) of bhū

Root: bhū (class 1)

हतचेतसः (hatacetasaḥ) - with broken hearts, bewildered minds, disheartened

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of hatacetas

hatacetas - one whose mind/heart is struck/destroyed; disheartened, bewildered

Compound type : Bahuvrīhi (hata+cetas)

• hata – struck, killed, destroyed
  Past Passive Participle
  Past Passive Participle
  From the root han (to strike, kill) followed by the suffix -kta.
  Root: han (class 2)
• cetas – mind, heart, consciousness, intellect
  noun (neuter)