वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-2, chapter-31, verse-25

भवान् वर्षसहस्राय पृथिव्या नृपते पतिः ।
अहं त्वरण्ये वत्स्यामि न मे कार्यं त्वयानृतम् ॥२५॥

25. bhavān varṣasahasrāya pṛthivyā nṛpate patiḥ ,
ahaṃ tvaraṇye vatsyāmi na me kāryaṃ tvayānṛtam.

25. bhavān varṣasahasrāya pṛthivyā nṛpate patiḥ aham
tu araṇye vatsyāmi na me kāryam tvayā anṛtam

25. nṛpate bhavān varṣasahasrāya pṛthivyā patiḥ tu
aham araṇye vatsyāmi tvayā anṛtam me kāryam na

25. Your Majesty, O King, you are (destined to be) the ruler of the earth for a thousand years. As for me, I shall dwell in the forest. It is not my business to cause your oath to be broken.

Words meanings summery:

• भवान् (bhavān) - Your Majesty, you (honorific)

• वर्षसहस्राय (varṣasahasrāya) - for a thousand years

• पृथिव्या (pṛthivyā) - of the earth

• नृपते (nṛpate) - O King Daśaratha (O King)

• पतिः (patiḥ) - lord, master, ruler

• अहम् (aham) - I, myself

• तु (tu) - as for me (but, however, as for)

• अरण्ये (araṇye) - in the forest

• वत्स्यामि (vatsyāmi) - I shall dwell, reside

• न (na) - not, no

• मे (me) - for me, my (to me, for me, my)

• कार्यम् (kāryam) - concern, business (task, duty, business, to be done)

• त्वया (tvayā) - by you

• अनृतम् (anṛtam) - your broken oath/word (untruth, falsehood, injustice)

Words meanings and morphology

भवान् (bhavān) - Your Majesty, you (honorific)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhavat

bhavat - you (honorific), Your Majesty

Present Active Participle

from root 'bhū' (to be)

Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Acts as a polite second-person pronoun.

वर्षसहस्राय (varṣasahasrāya) - for a thousand years

(noun)

Dative, neuter, singular of varṣasahasra

varṣasahasra - a thousand years

Compound type : dvigu (varṣa+sahasra)

• varṣa – year
  noun (neuter)
• sahasra – thousand
  noun (neuter)

Note: Dative case here indicates duration or purpose.

पृथिव्या (pṛthivyā) - of the earth

(noun)

Genitive, feminine, singular of pṛthivī

pṛthivī - earth, world

Note: Can also be instrumental singular. Here genitive is more appropriate with 'patiḥ'.

नृपते (nṛpate) - O King Daśaratha (O King)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of nṛpati

nṛpati - king, lord of men

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (nṛ+pati)

• nṛ – man, person
  noun (masculine)
• pati – master, lord, husband
  noun (masculine)

पतिः (patiḥ) - lord, master, ruler

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pati

pati - lord, master, ruler, husband

Note: Predicate nominative for 'bhavān'.

अहम् (aham) - I, myself

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, myself

तु (tu) - as for me (but, however, as for)

(indeclinable)

Note: Conjunction indicating contrast.

अरण्ये (araṇye) - in the forest

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of araṇya

araṇya - forest, wilderness

वत्स्यामि (vatsyāmi) - I shall dwell, reside

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, future (lṛṭ) of vas

Root: vas (class 1)

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

Note: Negation.

मे (me) - for me, my (to me, for me, my)

(pronoun)

Dative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, me

Note: Enclitic form of dative singular for 'asmad'. Here meaning 'my' in possessive or 'for me'.

कार्यम् (kāryam) - concern, business (task, duty, business, to be done)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kārya

kārya - to be done, duty, business, task

Gerundive

from root 'kṛ' (to do, make)

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Used as a substantive, meaning 'a thing to be done' or 'business'.

त्वया (tvayā) - by you

(pronoun)

Instrumental, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

Note: Refers to King Daśaratha.

अनृतम् (anṛtam) - your broken oath/word (untruth, falsehood, injustice)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of anṛta

anṛta - untruth, falsehood, injustice

negative of 'ṛta' (truth, cosmic order)

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+ṛta)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
• ṛta – truth, order, right
  noun (neuter)
  Root: ṛ (class 3)

Note: Subject of the implied sentence 'tvayā anṛtam na me kāryam'.

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