वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-2, chapter-31, verse-13

स राजा पुत्रमायान्तं दृष्ट्वा दूरात् कृताञ्जलिम् ।
उत्पपातासनात्तूर्णमार्तः स्त्रीजनसंवृतः ॥१३॥

13. sa rājā putramāyāntaṃ dṛṣṭvā dūrāt kṛtāñjalim ,
utpapātāsanāttūrṇamārtaḥ strījanasaṃvṛtaḥ.

13. saḥ rājā putram āyāntam dṛṣṭvā dūrāt kṛtāñjalim
utpapāta āsanāt tūrṇam ārtaḥ strījanasaṃvṛtaḥ

13. saḥ rājā strījanasaṃvṛtaḥ ārtaḥ putram dūrāt
kṛtāñjalim āyāntam dṛṣṭvā āsanāt tūrṇam utpapāta

13. That king, having seen his son approaching from a distance with folded hands, distressed and surrounded by women, quickly rose from his seat.

Words meanings summery:

• सः (saḥ) - that (king) (he, that)

• राजा (rājā) - the king (Dasharatha) (king)

• पुत्रम् (putram) - his son (Rama) (son)

• आयान्तम् (āyāntam) - approaching (coming, approaching)

• दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen

• दूरात् (dūrāt) - from a distance (from a distance, far away)

• कृताञ्जलिम् (kṛtāñjalim) - with folded hands (Rama's gesture) (with folded hands, having made a gesture of reverence)

• उत्पपात (utpapāta) - rose up (sprang up, rose up)

• आसनात् (āsanāt) - from his seat (from the seat, from sitting)

• तूर्णम् (tūrṇam) - quickly (quickly, swiftly)

• आर्तः (ārtaḥ) - distressed (the king) (distressed, afflicted, suffering)

• स्त्रीजनसंवृतः (strījanasaṁvṛtaḥ) - surrounded by women (surrounded by women, accompanied by female attendants)

Words meanings and morphology

सः (saḥ) - that (king) (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

राजा (rājā) - the king (Dasharatha) (king)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

पुत्रम् (putram) - his son (Rama) (son)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of putra

putra - son

आयान्तम् (āyāntam) - approaching (coming, approaching)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of āyānt

āyānt - coming, approaching

Present Active Participle

Formed from the root yā (to go) with the prefix ā (to, towards) and the suffix -at.

Prefix: ā

Root: yā (class 2)

दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen

(indeclinable)

Absolutive/Gerund

Formed from the root dṛś (to see) with the suffix -tvā.

Root: dṛś (class 1)

दूरात् (dūrāt) - from a distance (from a distance, far away)

(indeclinable)

Ablative singular of 'dūra' used adverbially.

Note: Functions adverbially.

कृताञ्जलिम् (kṛtāñjalim) - with folded hands (Rama's gesture) (with folded hands, having made a gesture of reverence)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of kṛtāñjali

kṛtāñjali - having made a respectful salutation with folded hands

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (kṛta+añjali)

• kṛta – done, made, performed
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  From the root kṛ (to do, make) with the suffix -ta.
  Root: kṛ (class 8)
• añjali – folded hands (gesture of reverence)
  noun (masculine)

Note: Modifies 'putram'.

उत्पपात (utpapāta) - rose up (sprang up, rose up)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of utpat

Perfect Active

3rd person singular, perfect active of the root pat (to fall, fly) with the prefix ut (up).

Prefix: ut

Root: pat (class 1)

आसनात् (āsanāt) - from his seat (from the seat, from sitting)

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of āsana

āsana - seat, sitting, posture

From the root ās (to sit).

Root: ās (class 2)

तूर्णम् (tūrṇam) - quickly (quickly, swiftly)

(indeclinable)

Usually functions as an adverb in neuter accusative singular.

Root: tvṛ

Note: Functions adverbially.

आर्तः (ārtaḥ) - distressed (the king) (distressed, afflicted, suffering)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ārta

ārta - distressed, afflicted, suffering, hurt

Past Passive Participle

From the root ṛ (to go, move, suffer) with the prefix ā.

Prefix: ā

Root: ṛ (class 3)

स्त्रीजनसंवृतः (strījanasaṁvṛtaḥ) - surrounded by women (surrounded by women, accompanied by female attendants)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of strījanasaṃvṛta

strījanasaṁvṛta - surrounded by women

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (strījana+saṃvṛta)

• strījana – women-folk, group of women
  noun (masculine)
  Tatpuruṣa compound of strī (woman) and jana (people).
• saṃvṛta – surrounded, covered, accompanied
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  From the root vṛ (to cover, choose) with the prefix sam (together, completely).
  Prefix: sam
  Root: vṛ (class 5)

Note: Modifies 'rājā'.