वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-2, chapter-31, verse-2

आलोक्य तु महाप्राज्ञः परमाकुल चेतसं ।
राममेवानुशोचन्तं सूतः प्राञ्जलिरासदत् ॥२॥

2. ālokya tu mahāprājñaḥ paramākula cetasaṃ ,
rāmamevānuśocantaṃ sūtaḥ prāñjalirāsadat.

2. ālokya tu mahāprājñaḥ paramākulacetasam
rāmam eva anuśocantam sūtaḥ prāñjaliḥ āsadat

2. तु महाप्राज्ञः सूतः परमाकुल चेतसम् रामम् एव
अनुशोचन्तम् (नृपतिम्) आलोक्य प्राञ्जलिः आसदत्

2. The very wise charioteer (sūta) then approached, with folded hands, having seen the king whose mind was extremely agitated and who was lamenting solely for Rāma.

Words meanings summery:

• आलोक्य (ālokya) - having seen, observing, perceiving

• तु (tu) - then, and (but, and, indeed, on the other hand)

• महाप्राज्ञः (mahāprājñaḥ) - the very wise one (referring to Sumantra) (very wise, highly intelligent)

• परमाकुलचेतसम् (paramākulacetasam) - the king, whose mind was extremely agitated (whose mind is extremely agitated)

• रामम् (rāmam) - Rāma

• एव (eva) - solely, only for (only, alone, indeed, certainly)

• अनुशोचन्तम् (anuśocantam) - lamenting solely for Rāma (lamenting, grieving for, regretting)

• सूतः (sūtaḥ) - Sumantra, the charioteer (charioteer, bard, herald)

• प्राञ्जलिः (prāñjaliḥ) - with folded hands (in reverence or supplication)

• आसदत् (āsadat) - approached (the king) (approached, went near, stood before)

Words meanings and morphology

आलोक्य (ālokya) - having seen, observing, perceiving

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Derived from the root lok (to see) with prefix ā

Prefix: ā

Root: lok (class 10)

तु (tu) - then, and (but, and, indeed, on the other hand)

(indeclinable)

महाप्राज्ञः (mahāprājñaḥ) - the very wise one (referring to Sumantra) (very wise, highly intelligent)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahāprājña

mahāprājña - very wise, great scholar

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+prājña)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective (masculine)
• prājña – wise, intelligent, learned
  adjective (masculine)
  Derived from pra-jñā (to know well)
  Prefix: pra
  Root: jñā (class 9)

परमाकुलचेतसम् (paramākulacetasam) - the king, whose mind was extremely agitated (whose mind is extremely agitated)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of paramākulacetas

paramākulacetas - one whose mind is greatly agitated or troubled

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (parama+ākula+cetas)

• parama – supreme, highest, utmost, extreme
  adjective (masculine)
• ākula – agitated, confused, bewildered, crowded
  adjective (masculine)
• cetas – mind, intellect, consciousness
  noun (neuter)

Note: Modifies the implied object 'king'.

रामम् (rāmam) - Rāma

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of rāma

rāma - Rāma (an incarnation of Viṣṇu, son of Daśaratha)

एव (eva) - solely, only for (only, alone, indeed, certainly)

(indeclinable)

अनुशोचन्तम् (anuśocantam) - lamenting solely for Rāma (lamenting, grieving for, regretting)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of anuśocant

anuśocant - lamenting, grieving after

Present Active Participle

Derived from the root śuc (to grieve, lament) with prefix anu

Prefix: anu

Root: śuc (class 1)

Note: Modifies the implied object 'king'.

सूतः (sūtaḥ) - Sumantra, the charioteer (charioteer, bard, herald)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sūta

sūta - charioteer, bard, herald

प्राञ्जलिः (prāñjaliḥ) - with folded hands (in reverence or supplication)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of prāñjali

prāñjali - with folded hands (a gesture of respect or reverence)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (pra+añjali)

• pra – forward, before, in front
  prefix
• añjali – the hollow of the hands, folded hands, reverence
  noun (masculine)

आसदत् (āsadat) - approached (the king) (approached, went near, stood before)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of sad

Imperfect

3rd person singular, active voice, prefixed by ā

Prefix: ā

Root: sad (class 1)