वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-2, chapter-31, verse-15

तं रामो ऽभ्यपातत् क्षिप्रं लक्ष्मणश्च महारथः ।
विसंज्ञमिव दुःखेन सशोकं नृपतिं तदा ॥१५॥

15. taṃ rāmo'bhyapātat kṣipraṃ lakṣmaṇaśca mahārathaḥ ,
visaṃjñamiva duḥkhena saśokaṃ nṛpatiṃ tadā.

15. tam rāmaḥ abhyapātat kṣipram lakṣmaṇaḥ ca mahārathaḥ
visaṃjñam iva duḥkhena saśokam nṛpatim tadā

15. tadā rāmaḥ mahārathaḥ lakṣmaṇaḥ ca duḥkhena
visaṃjñam iva saśokam tam nṛpatim kṣipram abhyapātat

15. Then Rama and Lakshmana, the great chariot-warrior, quickly approached that king, who was as if unconscious and deeply afflicted by sorrow.

Words meanings summery:

• तम् (tam) - that (king Dasaratha) (him, that, them)

• रामः (rāmaḥ) - Prince Rama (Rama, pleasing, delightful)

• अभ्यपातत् (abhyapātat) - approached (the king) (approached, fell upon, attacked)

• क्षिप्रम् (kṣipram) - quickly (quickly, swiftly, immediately)

• लक्ष्मणः (lakṣmaṇaḥ) - Lakshmana, Rama's brother (Lakshmana, having auspicious marks)

• च (ca) - and (and, also, moreover)

• महारथः (mahārathaḥ) - great chariot-warrior (referring to Lakshmana) (great warrior, great chariot-fighter)

• विसंज्ञम् (visaṁjñam) - unconscious (unconscious, senseless, deprived of consciousness)

• इव (iva) - as if (like, as if, as it were)

• दुःखेन (duḥkhena) - due to sorrow (by sorrow, due to suffering, with pain)

• सशोकम् (saśokam) - filled with grief (filled with grief, sorrowful, with sorrow)

• नृपतिम् (nṛpatim) - the king (Dasaratha) (king, ruler, lord of men)

• तदा (tadā) - then (then, at that time)

Words meanings and morphology

तम् (tam) - that (king Dasaratha) (him, that, them)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, him, her, it

रामः (rāmaḥ) - Prince Rama (Rama, pleasing, delightful)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rāma

rāma - Rama, pleasing, delightful

Root: ram (class 1)

अभ्यपातत् (abhyapātat) - approached (the king) (approached, fell upon, attacked)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of abhi-pat

Prefix: abhi

Root: pat (class 1)

Note: Formed from 'abhi' + '√pat'.

क्षिप्रम् (kṣipram) - quickly (quickly, swiftly, immediately)

(indeclinable)

Root: kṣip (class 6)

Note: Used as an adverb.

लक्ष्मणः (lakṣmaṇaḥ) - Lakshmana, Rama's brother (Lakshmana, having auspicious marks)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of lakṣmaṇa

lakṣmaṇa - Lakshmana, having auspicious marks, distinguished

च (ca) - and (and, also, moreover)

(indeclinable)

महारथः (mahārathaḥ) - great chariot-warrior (referring to Lakshmana) (great warrior, great chariot-fighter)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahāratha

mahāratha - great warrior, great chariot-fighter, commander of a great chariot division

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+ratha)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• ratha – chariot, warrior (who fights from a chariot)
  noun (masculine)
  Root: ramh

Note: Qualifies Lakshmana.

विसंज्ञम् (visaṁjñam) - unconscious (unconscious, senseless, deprived of consciousness)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of visaṃjña

visaṁjña - unconscious, senseless, deprived of consciousness

Derived from 'vi' (privative) + 'saṃjñā' (consciousness).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (vi+saṃjñā)

• vi – apart, asunder, away, intensely (prefix)
  indeclinable
• saṃjñā – consciousness, recognition, designation, agreement
  noun (feminine)
  Prefix: sam
  Root: jñā (class 9)

Note: Qualifies 'nṛpatim'.

इव (iva) - as if (like, as if, as it were)

(indeclinable)

दुःखेन (duḥkhena) - due to sorrow (by sorrow, due to suffering, with pain)

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of duḥkha

duḥkha - sorrow, suffering, pain, distress

Note: Indicates cause.

सशोकम् (saśokam) - filled with grief (filled with grief, sorrowful, with sorrow)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of saśoka

saśoka - filled with grief, sorrowful, distressed

Derived from 'sa' (with) + 'śoka' (grief).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (sa+śoka)

• sa – with, together with, accompanied by (prefix)
  indeclinable
• śoka – grief, sorrow, lamentation, distress
  noun (masculine)
  Root: śuc (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'nṛpatim'.

नृपतिम् (nṛpatim) - the king (Dasaratha) (king, ruler, lord of men)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of nṛpati

nṛpati - king, ruler, lord of men

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (nṛ+pati)

• nṛ – man, human being
  noun (masculine)
  Root: nṛ
• pati – lord, master, husband, owner
  noun (masculine)
  Root: pā (class 2)

Note: Object of 'abhyapātat'.

तदा (tadā) - then (then, at that time)

(indeclinable)

Formed from 'tad' + suffix 'dā'.