वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-2, chapter-31, verse-14

सो ऽभिदुद्राव वेगेन रामं दृष्ट्वा विशां पतिः ।
तमसंप्राप्य दुःखार्तः पपात भुवि मूर्छितः ॥१४॥

14. so'bhidudrāva vegena rāmaṃ dṛṣṭvā viśāṃ patiḥ ,
tamasaṃprāpya duḥkhārtaḥ papāta bhuvi mūrchitaḥ.

14. saḥ abhidudrāva vegena rāmam dṛṣṭvā viśām patiḥ
tam asaṃprāpya duḥkhārtaḥ papāta bhuvi mūrcchitaḥ

14. saḥ viśām patiḥ rāmam dṛṣṭvā vegena abhidudrāva
tam asaṃprāpya duḥkhārtaḥ mūrcchitaḥ bhuvi papāta

14. That lord of the people (king), having seen Rama, swiftly rushed towards him. But unable to reach him, he, afflicted by sorrow, fell unconscious to the ground.

Words meanings summery:

• सः (saḥ) - that (king) (he, that)

• अभिदुद्राव (abhidudrāva) - rushed towards (rushed towards, ran towards)

• वेगेन (vegena) - swiftly (with speed, quickly, by force)

• रामम् (rāmam) - Rama

• दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen

• विशाम् (viśām) - of the people (of the people, of the subjects)

• पतिः (patiḥ) - lord (of the people), king (lord, master, husband, ruler)

• तम् (tam) - him (Rama) (him, that)

• असंप्राप्य (asaṁprāpya) - unable to reach (him) (not having reached, being unable to obtain)

• दुःखार्तः (duḥkhārtaḥ) - afflicted by sorrow (afflicted by sorrow, distressed by misery)

• पपात (papāta) - fell (fell, descended)

• भुवि (bhuvi) - to the ground (on the earth, on the ground)

• मूर्च्छितः (mūrcchitaḥ) - unconscious (unconscious, fainted, swooned)

Words meanings and morphology

सः (saḥ) - that (king) (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

अभिदुद्राव (abhidudrāva) - rushed towards (rushed towards, ran towards)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of abhidru

Perfect Active

3rd person singular, perfect active of the root dru (to run) with the prefix abhi (towards).

Prefix: abhi

Root: dru (class 1)

वेगेन (vegena) - swiftly (with speed, quickly, by force)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of vega

vega - speed, velocity, force, impetuosity

From the root vij (to tremble, move quickly).

Root: vij (class 6)

Note: Functions adverbially.

रामम् (rāmam) - Rama

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of rāma

rāma - Rama (proper name), pleasing, dark

Root: ram (class 1)

दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen

(indeclinable)

Absolutive/Gerund

Formed from the root dṛś (to see) with the suffix -tvā.

Root: dṛś (class 1)

विशाम् (viśām) - of the people (of the people, of the subjects)

(noun)

Genitive, feminine, plural of viś

viś - people, community, subjects

Root: viś (class 6)

पतिः (patiḥ) - lord (of the people), king (lord, master, husband, ruler)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pati

pati - lord, master, husband, ruler

Note: Noun in apposition to 'saḥ'.

तम् (tam) - him (Rama) (him, that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to Rama.

असंप्राप्य (asaṁprāpya) - unable to reach (him) (not having reached, being unable to obtain)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive/Gerund (negative)

Formed from the root āp (to obtain, reach) with prefixes sam- (together) and pra- (forth), negated by 'a', and the suffix -ya.

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+saṃprāpya)

• a – not, un-, in-
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix.
• saṃprāpya – having reached, having obtained
  indeclinable
  Absolutive/Gerund
  Formed from the root āp (to obtain, reach) with prefixes sam- and pra- and suffix -ya.
  Prefixes: sam+pra
  Root: āp (class 5)

दुःखार्तः (duḥkhārtaḥ) - afflicted by sorrow (afflicted by sorrow, distressed by misery)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of duḥkhārta

duḥkhārta - afflicted by sorrow, distressed by misery

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (duḥkha+ārta)

• duḥkha – sorrow, misery, pain
  noun (neuter)
• ārta – distressed, afflicted
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  From the root ṛ (to go, move, suffer) with the prefix ā.
  Prefix: ā
  Root: ṛ (class 3)

Note: Modifies the implied subject (king).

पपात (papāta) - fell (fell, descended)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of pat

Perfect Active

3rd person singular, perfect active of the root pat.

Root: pat (class 1)

भुवि (bhuvi) - to the ground (on the earth, on the ground)

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of bhū

bhū - earth, ground, land, world

Feminine noun.

मूर्च्छितः (mūrcchitaḥ) - unconscious (unconscious, fainted, swooned)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mūrcchita

mūrcchita - unconscious, fainted, swooned, stupefied

Past Passive Participle

Formed from the root mūrcch (to faint, become unconscious) with the suffix -ta.

Root: mūrcch (class 1)