वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-2, chapter-31, verse-18

अथ रामो मुहूर्तेन लब्धसंज्ञं महीपतिम् ।
उवाच प्राञ्जलिर्भूत्वा शोकार्णवपरिप्लुतम् ॥१८॥

18. atha rāmo muhūrtena labdhasaṃjñaṃ mahīpatim ,
uvāca prāñjalirbhūtvā śokārṇavapariplutam.

18. atha rāmaḥ muhūrtena labdhasaṃjñam mahīpatim
uvāca prāñjaliḥ bhūtvā śokārṇavapariplutam

18. atha muhūrtena rāmaḥ prāñjaliḥ bhūtvā
labdhasaṃjñam śokārṇavapariplutam mahīpatim uvāca

18. Then, after a moment, Rama, standing with joined hands (prāñjali), spoke to the king, who had regained consciousness but was still submerged in an ocean of grief.

Words meanings summery:

• अथ (atha) - then (then, now, thereupon, afterwards)

• रामः (rāmaḥ) - Prince Rama (Rama, pleasing, delightful)

• मुहूर्तेन (muhūrtena) - in a moment (i.e., quickly, after a short period) (in a moment, in a short time, during a muhurta (a unit of time))

• लब्धसंज्ञम् (labdhasaṁjñam) - who had regained consciousness (having regained consciousness, having obtained knowledge/sense)

• महीपतिम् (mahīpatim) - the king (Dasaratha) (king, lord of the earth)

• उवाच (uvāca) - spoke (to the king) (he said, he spoke)

• प्राञ्जलिः (prāñjaliḥ) - with joined hands (as a sign of respect) (with joined hands (in reverence), showing respect)

• भूत्वा (bhūtvā) - having assumed (a state of joined hands) (having become, having been)

• शोकार्णवपरिप्लुतम् (śokārṇavapariplutam) - submerged in an ocean of grief (submerged in an ocean of grief, overwhelmed by a sea of sorrow)

Words meanings and morphology

अथ (atha) - then (then, now, thereupon, afterwards)

(indeclinable)

रामः (rāmaḥ) - Prince Rama (Rama, pleasing, delightful)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rāma

rāma - Rama, pleasing, delightful

Root: ram (class 1)

मुहूर्तेन (muhūrtena) - in a moment (i.e., quickly, after a short period) (in a moment, in a short time, during a muhurta (a unit of time))

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of muhūrta

muhūrta - moment, instant, a period of 48 minutes

Root: muh (class 1)

Note: Indicates time (duration/manner).

लब्धसंज्ञम् (labdhasaṁjñam) - who had regained consciousness (having regained consciousness, having obtained knowledge/sense)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of labdhasaṃjña

labdhasaṁjña - having regained consciousness, having obtained knowledge/sense

Past Passive Participle

'labdha' (PPP of '√labh') + 'saṃjñā'.

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (labdha+saṃjñā)

• labdha – obtained, gained, received
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  From '√labh' (1A) 'to obtain'.
  Root: labh (class 1)
• saṃjñā – consciousness, recognition, designation
  noun (feminine)
  Prefix: sam
  Root: jñā (class 9)

Note: Serves as an adjective for the king.

महीपतिम् (mahīpatim) - the king (Dasaratha) (king, lord of the earth)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of mahīpati

mahīpati - king, lord of the earth, ruler

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (mahī+pati)

• mahī – earth, ground, land
  noun (feminine)
  Root: mah (class 1)
• pati – lord, master, husband, owner
  noun (masculine)
  Root: pā (class 2)

Note: Object of 'uvāca'.

उवाच (uvāca) - spoke (to the king) (he said, he spoke)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

Perfect form of '√vac' (2P).

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Subject is 'rāmaḥ'.

प्राञ्जलिः (prāñjaliḥ) - with joined hands (as a sign of respect) (with joined hands (in reverence), showing respect)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of prāñjali

prāñjali - with joined hands (in reverence or supplication), respectful

'pra' (forward) + 'añjali' (cupped hands, gesture of reverence).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (pra+añjali)

• pra – forth, forward, before (prefix)
  indeclinable
• añjali – the cavity formed by hollowing the palms of the hands and joining them together, a respectful gesture
  noun (masculine)
  Root: añj (class 7)

Note: Qualifies 'rāmaḥ'.

भूत्वा (bhūtvā) - having assumed (a state of joined hands) (having become, having been)

(indeclinable)

absolutive/gerund

From '√bhū' (1P) with suffix 'ktvā'.

Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Absolutive/Gerund.

शोकार्णवपरिप्लुतम् (śokārṇavapariplutam) - submerged in an ocean of grief (submerged in an ocean of grief, overwhelmed by a sea of sorrow)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of śokārṇavaparipluta

śokārṇavaparipluta - submerged in an ocean of grief, overwhelmed by a sea of sorrow

Past Passive Participle

'śokārṇava' (ocean of grief) + 'paripluta' (PPP of 'pari-√plu').

Compound type : instrumental tatpuruṣa (śoka+arṇava+paripluta)

• śoka – grief, sorrow, lamentation
  noun (masculine)
  Root: śuc (class 1)
• arṇava – ocean, sea, flood
  noun (masculine)
  Root: ṛ (class 1)
• paripluta – overflowed, deluged, overwhelmed, submerged
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  From 'pari' + '√plu' (1P) 'to float, to swim'.
  Prefix: pari
  Root: plu (class 1)

Note: Serves as an adjective for the king.