वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-2, chapter-31, verse-17

तं परिष्वज्य बाहुभ्यां ताव् उभौ रामलक्ष्मणौ ।
पर्यङ्के सीतया सार्धं रुदन्तः समवेशयन् ॥१७॥

17. taṃ pariṣvajya bāhubhyāṃ tāv ubhau rāmalakṣmaṇau ,
paryaṅke sītayā sārdhaṃ rudantaḥ samaveśayan.

17. tam pariṣvajya bāhubhyām tau ubhau rāmalakṣmaṇau
paryaṅke sītayā sārdham rudantaḥ samaveśayan

17. tau ubhau rāmalakṣmaṇau bāhubhyām tam pariṣvajya
rudantaḥ sītayā sārdham paryaṅke samaveśayan

17. Rama and Lakshmana, those two, embraced him with their arms and, weeping, gently placed him on the couch beside Sita.

Words meanings summery:

• तम् (tam) - that (king Dasaratha) (him, that, them)

• परिष्वज्य (pariṣvajya) - having embraced (the king) (having embraced, having hugged)

• बाहुभ्याम् (bāhubhyām) - with their (two) arms (with two arms, by both arms)

• तौ (tau) - those two (referring to Rama and Lakshmana) (those two, them (dual))

• उभौ (ubhau) - both (Rama and Lakshmana) (both)

• रामलक्ष्मणौ (rāmalakṣmaṇau) - Rama and Lakshmana (the two brothers) (Rama and Lakshmana)

• पर्यङ्के (paryaṅke) - on the couch (on the couch, on the bed, on the divan)

• सीतया (sītayā) - with Sita (by Sita, with Sita)

• सार्धम् (sārdham) - together with (with, together with, accompanied by)

• रुदन्तः (rudantaḥ) - (they, Rama and Lakshmana) weeping (weeping, crying (plural masculine nominative))

• समवेशयन् (samaveśayan) - they placed him (on the couch) (they caused to enter, they placed, they made him sit)

Words meanings and morphology

तम् (tam) - that (king Dasaratha) (him, that, them)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, him, her, it

परिष्वज्य (pariṣvajya) - having embraced (the king) (having embraced, having hugged)

(indeclinable)

absolutive/gerund

'√ṣvaj' (1A) with prefix 'pari' and suffix 'lyaP'.

Prefix: pari

Root: ṣvaj (class 1)

Note: Absolutive/Gerund, indicating a prior action.

बाहुभ्याम् (bāhubhyām) - with their (two) arms (with two arms, by both arms)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, dual of bāhu

bāhu - arm, forearm

Note: Indicates the means of embracing.

तौ (tau) - those two (referring to Rama and Lakshmana) (those two, them (dual))

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, dual of tad

tad - that, him, her, it

Note: Refers to Rama and Lakshmana.

उभौ (ubhau) - both (Rama and Lakshmana) (both)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, dual of ubha

ubha - both, two

Always dual.

Note: Emphasizes "both".

रामलक्ष्मणौ (rāmalakṣmaṇau) - Rama and Lakshmana (the two brothers) (Rama and Lakshmana)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, dual of rāmalakṣmaṇa

rāmalakṣmaṇa - Rama and Lakshmana

Dvandva compound.

Compound type : dvandva (rāma+lakṣmaṇa)

• rāma – Rama, pleasing, delightful
  proper noun (masculine)
  Root: ram (class 1)
• lakṣmaṇa – Lakshmana, having auspicious marks
  proper noun (masculine)

Note: Subject of the sentence (along with 'tau ubhau').

पर्यङ्के (paryaṅke) - on the couch (on the couch, on the bed, on the divan)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of paryaṅka

paryaṅka - couch, bed, divan, sofa

Root: añc (class 1)

Note: Indicates location.

सीतया (sītayā) - with Sita (by Sita, with Sita)

(proper noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of sītā

sītā - Sita (daughter of Janaka), furrow

Note: Used with 'sārdham' to mean "with Sita".

सार्धम् (sārdham) - together with (with, together with, accompanied by)

(indeclinable)

Often takes instrumental case.

Note: Governs the instrumental case ('sītayā').

रुदन्तः (rudantaḥ) - (they, Rama and Lakshmana) weeping (weeping, crying (plural masculine nominative))

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of rudat

rudat - weeping, crying

Present Active Participle

From root '√rud' (2P) + 'śatṛ' suffix.

Root: rud (class 2)

Note: Adjectival use as a participle.

समवेशयन् (samaveśayan) - they placed him (on the couch) (they caused to enter, they placed, they made him sit)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of sam-ā-viś

causal

Causal stem 'veśaya' from '√viś' (6P) with prefixes 'sam' and 'ā'.

Prefixes: sam+ā

Root: viś (class 6)

Note: Refers to Rama and Lakshmana as the agents.

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