वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-2, chapter-20, verse-4

अग्रहस्तं विधुन्वंस्तु हस्ती हस्तमिवात्मनः ।
तिर्यगूर्ध्वं शरीरे च पातयित्वा शिरोधराम् ॥४॥

4. agrahastaṃ vidhunvaṃstu hastī hastamivātmanaḥ ,
tiryagūrdhvaṃ śarīre ca pātayitvā śirodharām.

4. agrahastam vidhunvan tu hastī hastam iva ātmanaḥ
tiryag ūrdhvam śarīre ca pātayitvā śirodharām

4. tu hastī ātmanaḥ hastam iva agrahastam vidhunvan
ca śarīre tiryag ūrdhvam śirodharām pātayitvā

4. Shaking his fore-hand, just as an elephant (hastin) shakes its own self (ātman) 's trunk, and having tilted his neck (śirodharā) sideways and upwards on his body (śarīra).

Words meanings summery:

• अग्रहस्तम् (agrahastam) - fore-hand, trunk

• विधुन्वन् (vidhunvan) - shaking, waving

• तु (tu) - but, and, indeed

• हस्ती (hastī) - an elephant

• हस्तम् (hastam) - hand, trunk

• इव (iva) - like, as if

• आत्मनः (ātmanaḥ) - of himself, his own

• तिर्यग् (tiryag) - sideways, obliquely

• ऊर्ध्वम् (ūrdhvam) - upwards

• शरीरे (śarīre) - on his body

• च (ca) - and

• पातयित्वा (pātayitvā) - having caused to fall, having lowered

• शिरोधराम् (śirodharām) - his neck

Words meanings and morphology

अग्रहस्तम् (agrahastam) - fore-hand, trunk

(compound)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (agra+hasta)

• agra – front, tip, chief
  noun (neuter)
• hasta – hand, trunk
  noun (masculine)

Note: refers to the arm or fore-limb, or specifically elephant's trunk

विधुन्वन् (vidhunvan) - shaking, waving

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vidhunvat

vidhunvat - shaking, waving

present active participle

from root dhu- with prefix vi- and suffix -at

Prefix: vi

Root: dhu (class 5)

तु (tu) - but, and, indeed

(indeclinable)

हस्ती (hastī) - an elephant

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of hastin

hastin - elephant (possessing a trunk)

from hasta (hand, trunk) with possessive suffix -in

हस्तम् (hastam) - hand, trunk

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of hasta

hasta - hand, trunk (of an elephant)

इव (iva) - like, as if

(indeclinable)

आत्मनः (ātmanaḥ) - of himself, his own

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of ātman

ātman - self, soul, spirit, essence

तिर्यग् (tiryag) - sideways, obliquely

(indeclinable)

Note: This is the form before a vowel or soft consonant

ऊर्ध्वम् (ūrdhvam) - upwards

(indeclinable)

Note: used as an adverb here

शरीरे (śarīre) - on his body

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of śarīra

śarīra - body

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

पातयित्वा (pātayitvā) - having caused to fall, having lowered

(indeclinable)

absolutive (causative)

from causative of root pat- (pātayati) with suffix -tvā

Root: pat (class 1)

Note: absolutive (gerund) form of causative

शिरोधराम् (śirodharām) - his neck

(compound)

Compound type : upapada tatpuruṣa (śiras+dharā)

• śiras – head
  noun (neuter)
• dharā – bearer, holder
  noun (feminine)
  agent noun/adjective from root dhṛ
  from root dhṛ- with suffix -a
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)