वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-2, chapter-20, verse-12

दैवं पुरुषकारेण यः समर्थः प्रबाधितुम् ।
न दैवेन विपन्नार्थः पुरुषः सो ऽवसीदति ॥१२॥

12. daivaṃ puruṣakāreṇa yaḥ samarthaḥ prabādhitum ,
na daivena vipannārthaḥ puruṣaḥ so'vasīdati.

12. daivam puruṣakāreṇa yaḥ samarthaḥ prabādhitum
na daivena vipannārthaḥ puruṣaḥ saḥ avasīdati

12. yaḥ puruṣakāreṇa daivam prabādhitum samarthaḥ
saḥ puruṣaḥ daivena vipannārthaḥ na avasīdati

12. The person who is capable of overcoming destiny (daiva) through human effort (puruṣakāra) — that man, whose purpose is not ruined by destiny (daiva), does not become disheartened.

Words meanings summery:

• दैवम् (daivam) - destiny (daiva), divine power

• पुरुषकारेण (puruṣakāreṇa) - by human effort (puruṣakāra), by self-exertion

• यः (yaḥ) - who, he who

• समर्थः (samarthaḥ) - capable, able, competent

• प्रबाधितुम् (prabādhitum) - to overcome, to hinder, to obstruct

• न (na) - not

• दैवेन (daivena) - by destiny (daiva), by fate

• विपन्नार्थः (vipannārthaḥ) - one whose purpose is ruined, whose interests are lost, unfortunate

• पुरुषः (puruṣaḥ) - man, person (puruṣa)

• सः (saḥ) - that, he

• अवसीदति (avasīdati) - sinks down, becomes depressed, disheartened, dejected

Words meanings and morphology

दैवम् (daivam) - destiny (daiva), divine power

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of daiva

daiva - divine, relating to gods, fate, destiny

derived from deva (god)

पुरुषकारेण (puruṣakāreṇa) - by human effort (puruṣakāra), by self-exertion

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of puruṣakāra

puruṣakāra - human effort, self-exertion

Compound of puruṣa (man) and kāra (act)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (puruṣa+kāra)

• puruṣa – man, person, cosmic person (puruṣa)
  noun (masculine)
• kāra – act, action, making
  noun (masculine)
  from kṛ (to do)
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

यः (yaḥ) - who, he who

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - which, what, who

समर्थः (samarthaḥ) - capable, able, competent

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of samartha

samartha - capable, able, competent, suitable

Prefix: sam

Root: arth (class 10)

प्रबाधितुम् (prabādhitum) - to overcome, to hinder, to obstruct

(indeclinable)

Infinitive

from pra-bādh (to oppress, vex)

Prefix: pra

Root: bādh (class 1)

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

दैवेन (daivena) - by destiny (daiva), by fate

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of daiva

daiva - divine, relating to gods, fate, destiny

derived from deva (god)

विपन्नार्थः (vipannārthaḥ) - one whose purpose is ruined, whose interests are lost, unfortunate

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vipannārtha

vipannārtha - one whose purpose is ruined, whose interests are lost, unfortunate

Bahuvrīhi compound: vipanna (ruined, lost) + artha (purpose, aim)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (vipanna+artha)

• vipanna – ruined, lost, unfortunate, fallen
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  from vi-pad (to fall, to go wrong)
  Prefix: vi
  Root: pad (class 4)
• artha – purpose, aim, object, wealth, meaning
  noun (masculine)

पुरुषः (puruṣaḥ) - man, person (puruṣa)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of puruṣa

puruṣa - man, human being, cosmic person (puruṣa), soul

सः (saḥ) - that, he

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

अवसीदति (avasīdati) - sinks down, becomes depressed, disheartened, dejected

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of avasad

Prefix: ava

Root: sad (class 1)