वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-1, chapter-13, verse-15

दिवसे दिवसे तत्र संस्तरे कुशला द्विजाः ।
सर्वकर्माणि चक्रुस्ते यथाशास्त्रं प्रचोदिताः ॥१५॥

15. divase divase tatra saṃstare kuśalā dvijāḥ ,
sarvakarmāṇi cakruste yathāśāstraṃ pracoditāḥ.

15. divase divase tatra saṃstare kuśalāḥ dvijāḥ
sarvakarmāṇi cakruḥ te yathāśāstraṃ pracoditāḥ

15. divase divase tatra saṃstare pracoditāḥ kuśalāḥ
dvijāḥ te yathāśāstraṃ sarvakarmāṇi cakruḥ

15. Day after day, the skilled twice-born (dvija) priests there on the sacrificial ground performed all the rites (karma) as they were enjoined by the sacred texts.

Words meanings summery:

• दिवसे (divase) - on each day, daily (on the day)

• दिवसे (divase) - on each day, daily (on the day)

• तत्र (tatra) - in that specific location (the sacrificial ground) (there, in that place)

• संस्तरे (saṁstare) - on the sacred ground prepared for the ritual (on the sacrificial ground, on the mat/bed)

• कुशलाः (kuśalāḥ) - proficient in performing the sacred rites (skilled, expert, proficient)

• द्विजाः (dvijāḥ) - the Brahmins officiating the ritual (Brahmins, twice-born)

• सर्वकर्माणि (sarvakarmāṇi) - all the various ritualistic duties and actions (karma) (all actions, all rites)

• चक्रुः (cakruḥ) - they performed (the rites) (they did, they made, they performed)

• ते (te) - those Brahmins (they)

• यथाशास्त्रं (yathāśāstraṁ) - in strict accordance with the rules of the sacred texts (according to the scriptures, as prescribed by sacred texts)

• प्रचोदिताः (pracoditāḥ) - instructed and guided by the scriptural injunctions (impelled, enjoined, commanded, instructed)

Words meanings and morphology

दिवसे (divase) - on each day, daily (on the day)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of divasa

divasa - day

Root: div

Note: Used in iterative sense.

दिवसे (divase) - on each day, daily (on the day)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of divasa

divasa - day

Root: div

Note: Used in iterative sense.

तत्र (tatra) - in that specific location (the sacrificial ground) (there, in that place)

(indeclinable)

From pronominal stem `tad` (that) + suffix `tra`.

संस्तरे (saṁstare) - on the sacred ground prepared for the ritual (on the sacrificial ground, on the mat/bed)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of saṃstara

saṁstara - sacrificial ground, sacrificial bed/mat, a layer, covering

From `sam` + root `stṛ` (to spread).

Prefix: sam

Root: stṛ (class 5)

कुशलाः (kuśalāḥ) - proficient in performing the sacred rites (skilled, expert, proficient)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of kuśala

kuśala - skillful, clever, expert, well, happy

द्विजाः (dvijāḥ) - the Brahmins officiating the ritual (Brahmins, twice-born)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of dvija

dvija - twice-born (Brahmin, Kshatriya, Vaishya), bird, tooth

From `dvi` (two) + `ja` (born).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (dvi+ja)

• dvi – two
  numeral
• ja – born, produced from
  adjective (masculine)
  Agent noun/suffix
  Derived from root `jan` (to be born).
  Root: jan (class 4)

Note: Subject of the sentence.

सर्वकर्माणि (sarvakarmāṇi) - all the various ritualistic duties and actions (karma) (all actions, all rites)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, plural of sarvakarman

sarvakarman - all actions, all duties, all rituals

Compound type : karmadhāraya (sarva+karman)

• sarva – all, every, whole
  pronoun (neuter)
• karman – action, deed, rite, ritual (karma)
  noun (neuter)
  From root `kṛ` (to do).
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Object of `cakruḥ`.

चक्रुः (cakruḥ) - they performed (the rites) (they did, they made, they performed)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect (Lit) of kṛ

Perfect active, 3rd person plural

Perfect stem `cakṛ`.

Root: kṛ (class 8)

ते (te) - those Brahmins (they)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Demonstrative pronoun.

Note: Refers back to `dvijāḥ`.

यथाशास्त्रं (yathāśāstraṁ) - in strict accordance with the rules of the sacred texts (according to the scriptures, as prescribed by sacred texts)

(indeclinable)

Avyayībhāva compound from `yathā` (as) + `śāstra` (scripture).

Compound type : avyayībhāva (yathā+śāstra)

• yathā – as, according to, in which manner
  indeclinable
• śāstra – sacred text, scripture, science, rule
  noun (neuter)
  From root `śās` (to teach, instruct).
  Root: śās (class 2)

प्रचोदिताः (pracoditāḥ) - instructed and guided by the scriptural injunctions (impelled, enjoined, commanded, instructed)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of pracodita

pracodita - urged, enjoined, incited, commanded, appointed

Past Passive Participle

From `pra` + root `cud` (to urge, incite).

Prefix: pra

Root: cud (class 10)

Note: Describes the `dvijāḥ`.