वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-1, chapter-13, verse-1

अथ संवत्सरे पूर्णे तस्मिन्प्राप्ते तुरङ्गमे ।
सरय्वाश्चोत्तरे तीरे राज्ञो यज्ञो ऽभ्यवर्तत ॥१॥

1. atha saṃvatsare pūrṇe tasminprāpte turaṅgame ,
sarayvāścottare tīre rājño yajño'bhyavartata.

1. atha saṃvatsare pūrṇe tasmin prāpte turaṅgame
sarayvāḥ ca uttare tīre rājñaḥ yajñaḥ abhyavartata

1. atha saṃvatsare pūrṇe tasmin turaṅgame prāpte ca
sarayvāḥ uttare tīre rājñaḥ yajñaḥ abhyavartata

1. Then, when a full year had passed and that horse had returned, the king's Vedic ritual (yajña) commenced on the northern bank of the Sarayu river.

Words meanings summery:

• अथ (atha) - then, thereupon, now

• संवत्सरे (saṁvatsare) - in the year, after the year

• पूर्णे (pūrṇe) - in the full, in the complete

• तस्मिन् (tasmin) - in that, when that

• प्राप्ते (prāpte) - having returned, having arrived, obtained

• तुरङ्गमे (turaṅgame) - in the horse, to the horse (the sacrificial horse)

• सरय्वाः (sarayvāḥ) - of the Sarayu (river)

• च (ca) - and

• उत्तरे (uttare) - on the northern (side), in the north

• तीरे (tīre) - on the bank, on the shore

• राज्ञः (rājñaḥ) - of the king

• यज्ञः (yajñaḥ) - the Vedic ritual (yajña) (the Vedic ritual, the sacrifice)

• अभ्यवर्तत (abhyavartata) - began, commenced, occurred

Words meanings and morphology

अथ (atha) - then, thereupon, now

(indeclinable)

संवत्सरे (saṁvatsare) - in the year, after the year

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of saṃvatsara

saṁvatsara - year

पूर्णे (pūrṇe) - in the full, in the complete

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of pūrṇa

pūrṇa - full, complete, fulfilled

Past Passive Participle

Past Passive Participle of root pṛ- (to fill)

Root: pṛ (class 3)

तस्मिन् (tasmin) - in that, when that

(pronoun)

Locative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

प्राप्ते (prāpte) - having returned, having arrived, obtained

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of prāpta

prāpta - obtained, arrived, reached

Past Passive Participle

Past Passive Participle of root āp- with prefix pra-

Prefix: pra

Root: āp (class 5)

तुरङ्गमे (turaṅgame) - in the horse, to the horse (the sacrificial horse)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of turaṅga

turaṅga - horse

सरय्वाः (sarayvāḥ) - of the Sarayu (river)

(proper noun)

Genitive, feminine, singular of sarayu

sarayu - Sarayu (a sacred river)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

उत्तरे (uttare) - on the northern (side), in the north

(adjective)

Locative, neuter, singular of uttara

uttara - northern, upper, later, higher

तीरे (tīre) - on the bank, on the shore

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of tīra

tīra - bank, shore, edge

राज्ञः (rājñaḥ) - of the king

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

यज्ञः (yajñaḥ) - the Vedic ritual (yajña) (the Vedic ritual, the sacrifice)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yajña

yajña - Vedic ritual, sacrifice, worship

Root: yaj (class 1)

अभ्यवर्तत (abhyavartata) - began, commenced, occurred

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, imperfect (laṅ) of abhyavartata

Imperfect Middle

3rd person singular, middle voice, imperfect tense of root vṛt- with prefixes abhi- and ā-

Prefixes: abhi+ā

Root: vṛt (class 1)