मार्कण्डेय-पुराणम्
mārkaṇḍeya-purāṇam
-
chapter-28, verse-9
स्ववर्णधर्मात् संसिद्धिं नरः प्राप्नोति न च्युतः ।
प्रयाति नरकं प्रेत्य प्रतिषिद्धनिषेवणात् ॥९॥
प्रयाति नरकं प्रेत्य प्रतिषिद्धनिषेवणात् ॥९॥
9. svavarṇadharmāt saṃsiddhiṃ naraḥ prāpnoti na cyutaḥ .
prayāti narakaṃ pretya pratiṣiddhaniṣevaṇāt.
prayāti narakaṃ pretya pratiṣiddhaniṣevaṇāt.
9.
svavarṇadharmāt saṃsiddhim naraḥ prāpnoti na
cyutaḥ prayāti narakam pretya pratiṣiddhaniṣevaṇāt
cyutaḥ prayāti narakam pretya pratiṣiddhaniṣevaṇāt
9.
A person who does not deviate from his own class-specific duties (dharma) attains complete fulfillment (saṃsiddhi). Conversely, after death, one goes to hell (naraka) by engaging in forbidden actions.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- स्ववर्णधर्मात् (svavarṇadharmāt) - from one's own class-duty, from one's intrinsic nature of social class
- संसिद्धिम् (saṁsiddhim) - complete fulfillment (perfection, complete success, accomplishment)
- नरः (naraḥ) - a person, man
- प्राप्नोति (prāpnoti) - attains, obtains, reaches
- न (na) - not, no
- च्युतः (cyutaḥ) - one who has fallen away (from duty) (fallen, deviated, dropped)
- प्रयाति (prayāti) - goes (to hell) (goes, proceeds, departs)
- नरकम् (narakam) - hell, infernal region
- प्रेत्य (pretya) - having died, after death
- प्रतिषिद्धनिषेवणात् (pratiṣiddhaniṣevaṇāt) - from practicing forbidden acts
Words meanings and morphology
स्ववर्णधर्मात् (svavarṇadharmāt) - from one's own class-duty, from one's intrinsic nature of social class
(noun)
Ablative, masculine, singular of svavarṇadharma
svavarṇadharma - one's own class-duty (dharma), the intrinsic nature of one's social class
Compound of `sva`, `varṇa`, and `dharma`.
Compound type : tatpurusha (sva+varṇa+dharma)
- sva – one's own, self
pronoun - varṇa – class, social order, color
noun (masculine)
From root `vṛ` (to choose, cover) + `na` suffix.
Root: vṛ (class 5) - dharma – duty, righteousness, natural law, constitution, intrinsic nature
noun (masculine)
From root `dhṛ` (to uphold, support) + `man` suffix.
Root: dhṛ (class 1)
Note: Indicates the source or means of attainment.
संसिद्धिम् (saṁsiddhim) - complete fulfillment (perfection, complete success, accomplishment)
(noun)
Accusative, feminine, singular of saṃsiddhi
saṁsiddhi - perfection, complete success, accomplishment, full attainment
From `sam` + root `sidh` (to be accomplished) + `ti` suffix.
Prefix: sam
Root: sidh (class 4)
नरः (naraḥ) - a person, man
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of nara
nara - man, person, human being
Root: nṛ (class 1)
Note: Subject of `prāpnoti`.
प्राप्नोति (prāpnoti) - attains, obtains, reaches
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of prāp
Present Active
From `pra` + root `āp` (to obtain). Class 5 verb.
Prefix: pra
Root: āp (class 5)
न (na) - not, no
(indeclinable)
Note: Negates the participle `cyutaḥ`.
च्युतः (cyutaḥ) - one who has fallen away (from duty) (fallen, deviated, dropped)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of cyuta
cyuta - fallen, deviated, dropped, having lost
Past Passive Participle
From root `cyu` (to fall, move) + `ta` suffix.
Root: cyu (class 1)
Note: Used adjectivally to describe the 'naraḥ'.
प्रयाति (prayāti) - goes (to hell) (goes, proceeds, departs)
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of prayā
Present Active
From `pra` + root `yā` (to go). Class 2 verb.
Prefix: pra
Root: yā (class 2)
Note: Verb describing the consequence of forbidden acts.
नरकम् (narakam) - hell, infernal region
(noun)
Accusative, neuter, singular of naraka
naraka - hell, infernal region, place of torment
Note: Destination.
प्रेत्य (pretya) - having died, after death
(indeclinable)
Absolutive / Gerund
From `pra` + root `i` (to go) + `tya` suffix.
Prefix: pra
Root: i (class 2)
Note: Adverbial participle.
प्रतिषिद्धनिषेवणात् (pratiṣiddhaniṣevaṇāt) - from practicing forbidden acts
(noun)
Ablative, neuter, singular of pratiṣiddhaniṣevaṇa
pratiṣiddhaniṣevaṇa - engaging in forbidden acts, practice of that which is prohibited
Compound of `pratiṣiddha` (forbidden) and `niṣevaṇa` (practice, engagement).
Compound type : tatpurusha (pratiṣiddha+niṣevaṇa)
- pratiṣiddha – forbidden, prohibited, rejected
adjective
Past Passive Participle
From `prati` + root `sidh` (to repel, forbid) + `ta` suffix.
Prefix: prati
Root: sidh (class 4) - niṣevaṇa – serving, practice, enjoyment, engagement
noun (neuter)
From `ni` + root `sev` (to serve, frequent) + `ana` suffix.
Prefix: ni
Root: sev (class 1)
Note: Ablative of cause.