मार्कण्डेय-पुराणम्
mārkaṇḍeya-purāṇam
-
chapter-28, verse-33
एते संक्षेपतः प्रोक्ता धर्मा वर्णाश्रमेषु ते ।
एतेषु च स्वधर्मेषु स्वेषु तिष्ठेत् समन्ततः ॥३३॥
एतेषु च स्वधर्मेषु स्वेषु तिष्ठेत् समन्ततः ॥३३॥
33. ete saṃkṣepataḥ proktā dharmā varṇāśrameṣu te .
eteṣu ca svadharmeṣu sveṣu tiṣṭhet samantataḥ.
eteṣu ca svadharmeṣu sveṣu tiṣṭhet samantataḥ.
33.
ete saṃkṣepataḥ proktāḥ dharmāḥ varṇāśrameṣu te
eteṣu ca svadharmeṣu sveṣu tiṣṭhet samantataḥ
eteṣu ca svadharmeṣu sveṣu tiṣṭhet samantataḥ
33.
These natural laws (dharma) pertaining to the social classes (varṇa) and stages of life (āśrama) have been briefly declared to you. One should always remain steadfast in these, in one's own specific duties (dharma).
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- एते (ete) - these
- संक्षेपतः (saṁkṣepataḥ) - in brief, concisely, summarily
- प्रोक्ताः (proktāḥ) - declared, stated, taught
- धर्माः (dharmāḥ) - natural laws, duties, virtues
- वर्णाश्रमेषु (varṇāśrameṣu) - in the social classes and stages of life
- ते (te) - to you, by you
- एतेषु (eteṣu) - in these
- च (ca) - and, also
- स्वधर्मेषु (svadharmeṣu) - in one's own natural laws, in one's own duties
- स्वेषु (sveṣu) - in one's own
- तिष्ठेत् (tiṣṭhet) - one should stand, one should abide, one should remain
- समन्ततः (samantataḥ) - completely, entirely, always, on all sides
Words meanings and morphology
एते (ete) - these
(pronoun)
Nominative, masculine, plural of etas
etas - this, these
संक्षेपतः (saṁkṣepataḥ) - in brief, concisely, summarily
(indeclinable)
Derived from 'saṃkṣepa' (summary) with suffix '-tas'
प्रोक्ताः (proktāḥ) - declared, stated, taught
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, plural of prokta
prokta - declared, stated, said, taught, pronounced
Past Passive Participle
Past Passive Participle of 'vac' (to speak) with prefix 'pra'
Prefix: pra
Root: vac (class 2)
धर्माः (dharmāḥ) - natural laws, duties, virtues
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, plural of dharma
dharma - natural law, righteousness, duty, virtue, constitution, essential quality, religion
Derived from root 'dhṛ' (to uphold, sustain)
Root: dhṛ (class 1)
वर्णाश्रमेषु (varṇāśrameṣu) - in the social classes and stages of life
(noun)
Locative, masculine, plural of varṇāśrama
varṇāśrama - social class and stage of life (collectively), the system of varṇa and āśrama
Dvandva compound: 'varṇa' (social class) and 'āśrama' (stage of life)
Compound type : dvandva (varṇa+āśrama)
- varṇa – social class, caste, color, letter, sound
noun (masculine)
Derived from root 'vṛ' (to choose, to cover)
Root: vṛ (class 9) - āśrama – stage of life, hermitage, spiritual retreat
noun (masculine)
Derived from root 'śram' (to toil) with prefix 'ā'
Prefix: ā
Root: śram (class 4)
ते (te) - to you, by you
(pronoun)
Dative, singular of yuvamad
yuvamad - you (singular)
एतेषु (eteṣu) - in these
(pronoun)
Locative, masculine, plural of etas
etas - this, these
च (ca) - and, also
(indeclinable)
स्वधर्मेषु (svadharmeṣu) - in one's own natural laws, in one's own duties
(noun)
Locative, masculine, plural of svadharma
svadharma - one's own natural law, one's own duty, personal righteousness
Tatpuruṣa compound: 'sva' (own) + 'dharma' (duty)
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (sva+dharma)
- sva – own, one's own
pronoun/adjective (masculine) - dharma – natural law, righteousness, duty, virtue
noun (masculine)
Derived from root 'dhṛ' (to uphold, sustain)
Root: dhṛ (class 1)
स्वेषु (sveṣu) - in one's own
(adjective)
Locative, masculine, plural of sva
sva - own, one's own, self
तिष्ठेत् (tiṣṭhet) - one should stand, one should abide, one should remain
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhi-liṅ) of sthā
Root: sthā (class 1)
समन्ततः (samantataḥ) - completely, entirely, always, on all sides
(indeclinable)
Derived from 'samanta' (all-round) + suffix '-tas'