मार्कण्डेय-पुराणम्
mārkaṇḍeya-purāṇam
-
chapter-28, verse-31
चतुर्थे त्वाश्रमे धर्मो मयायं ते निवेदितः ।
सामान्यमन्यवर्णानामाश्रमाणाञ्च मे शृणु ॥३१॥
सामान्यमन्यवर्णानामाश्रमाणाञ्च मे शृणु ॥३१॥
31. caturthe tvāśrame dharmo mayāyaṃ te niveditaḥ .
sāmānyamanyavarṇānāmāśramāṇāñca me śṛṇu.
sāmānyamanyavarṇānāmāśramāṇāñca me śṛṇu.
31.
caturthe tu āśrame dharmaḥ mayā ayam te niveditaḥ
sāmānyam anyavarṇānām āśramāṇām ca me śṛṇu
sāmānyam anyavarṇānām āśramāṇām ca me śṛṇu
31.
Indeed, I have explained to you this natural law (dharma) concerning the fourth stage of life (āśrama). Now, listen to me about the common principles for the other social classes (varṇa) and stages of life (āśrama).
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- चतुर्थे (caturthe) - in the fourth
- तु (tu) - but, indeed, however, on the other hand
- आश्रमे (āśrame) - in the stage of life, in the hermitage
- धर्मः (dharmaḥ) - the natural law, righteousness, duty, constitution
- मया (mayā) - by me
- अयम् (ayam) - this
- ते (te) - to you, for you, by you
- निवेदितः (niveditaḥ) - explained, presented, announced
- सामान्यम् (sāmānyam) - the common, the general rules, the universal
- अन्यवर्णानाम् (anyavarṇānām) - of other social classes
- आश्रमाणाम् (āśramāṇām) - of the stages of life, of the hermitages
- च (ca) - and, also
- मे (me) - from me, to me, my
- शृणु (śṛṇu) - listen, hear
Words meanings and morphology
चतुर्थे (caturthe) - in the fourth
(adjective)
Locative, masculine, singular of caturtha
caturtha - fourth, quarter
Derived from 'catur' (four) + 'tha' suffix
तु (tu) - but, indeed, however, on the other hand
(indeclinable)
आश्रमे (āśrame) - in the stage of life, in the hermitage
(noun)
Locative, masculine, singular of āśrama
āśrama - stage of life, hermitage, spiritual retreat, religious order
Derived from root 'śram' (to toil) with prefix 'ā' (towards), meaning 'place of exertion' or 'stage of spiritual endeavor'
Prefix: ā
Root: śram (class 4)
धर्मः (dharmaḥ) - the natural law, righteousness, duty, constitution
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of dharma
dharma - natural law, righteousness, duty, virtue, constitution, essential quality, religion
Derived from root 'dhṛ' (to uphold, sustain)
Root: dhṛ (class 1)
मया (mayā) - by me
(pronoun)
Instrumental, singular of mad
mad - I
अयम् (ayam) - this
(pronoun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of idam
idam - this, this one, here
ते (te) - to you, for you, by you
(pronoun)
Dative, singular of yuvamad
yuvamad - you (singular)
निवेदितः (niveditaḥ) - explained, presented, announced
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of nivedita
nivedita - explained, presented, announced, communicated, offered
Past Passive Participle
Past Passive Participle of 'vid' with prefix 'ni'
Prefix: ni
Root: vid (class 4)
सामान्यम् (sāmānyam) - the common, the general rules, the universal
(noun)
Accusative, neuter, singular of sāmānya
sāmānya - common, general, universal, ordinary, belonging to all
Derived from 'samāna' (similar, equal) + 'ya' suffix
अन्यवर्णानाम् (anyavarṇānām) - of other social classes
(noun)
Genitive, masculine, plural of anyavarṇa
anyavarṇa - other social class, other caste
Karmadhāraya compound: 'anya' (other) + 'varṇa' (social class)
Compound type : karmadhāraya (anya+varṇa)
- anya – other, another, different
pronoun/adjective (masculine) - varṇa – social class, caste, color, letter, sound
noun (masculine)
Derived from root 'vṛ' (to choose, to cover)
Root: vṛ (class 9)
आश्रमाणाम् (āśramāṇām) - of the stages of life, of the hermitages
(noun)
Genitive, masculine, plural of āśrama
āśrama - stage of life, hermitage, spiritual retreat, religious order
Derived from root 'śram' (to toil) with prefix 'ā' (towards), meaning 'place of exertion' or 'stage of spiritual endeavor'
Prefix: ā
Root: śram (class 4)
च (ca) - and, also
(indeclinable)
मे (me) - from me, to me, my
(pronoun)
Genitive, singular of mad
mad - I
शृणु (śṛṇu) - listen, hear
(verb)
2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of śru
Root: śru (class 5)