मार्कण्डेय-पुराणम्
mārkaṇḍeya-purāṇam
-
chapter-28, verse-5
दानमध्ययनं यज्ञः क्षत्रियस्याप्ययं त्रिधा ।
धर्मः प्रोक्तः क्षिते रक्षा शस्त्राजीवञ्च जीविका ॥५॥
धर्मः प्रोक्तः क्षिते रक्षा शस्त्राजीवञ्च जीविका ॥५॥
5. dānamadhyayanaṃ yajñaḥ kṣatriyasyāpyayaṃ tridhā .
dharmaḥ proktaḥ kṣite rakṣā śastrājīvañca jīvikā.
dharmaḥ proktaḥ kṣite rakṣā śastrājīvañca jīvikā.
5.
dānam adhyayanam yajñaḥ kṣatriyasya api ayam tridhā
dharmaḥ proktaḥ | kṣite rakṣā śastrājīvaḥ ca jīvikā
dharmaḥ proktaḥ | kṣite rakṣā śastrājīvaḥ ca jīvikā
5.
kṣatriyasya api ayam dānam adhyayanam yajñaḥ [iti] tridhā
dharmaḥ proktaḥ kṣite rakṣā ca śastrājīvaḥ jīvikā [bhavati]
dharmaḥ proktaḥ kṣite rakṣā ca śastrājīvaḥ jīvikā [bhavati]
5.
Giving (dāna), Vedic study, and Vedic ritual (yajña) – this threefold natural law (dharma) is declared for a Kṣatriya also. Protection of the earth and living by weapons constitute his livelihood (jīvikā).
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- दानम् (dānam) - giving (dāna). (giving; gift; charity.)
- अध्ययनम् (adhyayanam) - Vedic study. (study; Vedic study; reading.)
- यज्ञः (yajñaḥ) - Vedic ritual (yajña). (Vedic ritual; offering; worship.)
- क्षत्रियस्य (kṣatriyasya) - of a Kṣatriya.
- अपि (api) - also. (also; even; too.)
- अयम् (ayam) - this (threefold duty). (this; he.)
- त्रिधा (tridhā) - threefold. (in three ways; threefold.)
- धर्मः (dharmaḥ) - natural law (dharma) / duty. (natural law; duty; righteousness; constitution.)
- प्रोक्तः (proktaḥ) - declared. (declared; stated; said.)
- क्षिते (kṣite) - of the earth. (of the earth; of the land.)
- रक्षा (rakṣā) - protection. (protection; guarding; preservation.)
- शस्त्राजीवः (śastrājīvaḥ) - living by weapons. (livelihood by weapons; profession of arms.)
- च (ca) - and. (and; also.)
- जीविका (jīvikā) - livelihood. (livelihood; profession; means of living.)
Words meanings and morphology
दानम् (dānam) - giving (dāna). (giving; gift; charity.)
(noun)
Nominative, neuter, singular of dāna
dāna - giving, gift, donation, charity.
Action noun
From root dā- (to give) with suffix ana.
Root: dā (class 3)
Note: Part of the threefold dharma.
अध्ययनम् (adhyayanam) - Vedic study. (study; Vedic study; reading.)
(noun)
Nominative, neuter, singular of adhyayana
adhyayana - study, reading, learning, particularly Vedic recitation.
Action noun
From adhi- + i- (to go) with suffix ana.
Prefix: adhi
Root: i (class 2)
यज्ञः (yajñaḥ) - Vedic ritual (yajña). (Vedic ritual; offering; worship.)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of yajña
yajña - Vedic ritual, offering, worship, sacrifice.
From root yaj- (to worship) with suffix na.
Root: yaj (class 1)
क्षत्रियस्य (kṣatriyasya) - of a Kṣatriya.
(noun)
Genitive, masculine, singular of kṣatriya
kṣatriya - a member of the warrior or ruling class, a kshatriya.
From kṣatra (power, dominion).
अपि (api) - also. (also; even; too.)
(indeclinable)
Particle.
अयम् (ayam) - this (threefold duty). (this; he.)
(pronoun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of idam
idam - this, here, he.
Pronominal stem.
Note: Agrees with dharmaḥ.
त्रिधा (tridhā) - threefold. (in three ways; threefold.)
(indeclinable)
From tri (three) + suffix dhā.
Note: Modifies dharmaḥ.
धर्मः (dharmaḥ) - natural law (dharma) / duty. (natural law; duty; righteousness; constitution.)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of dharma
dharma - natural law, constitution, intrinsic nature, righteousness, duty, religion, virtue.
From root dhṛ- (to uphold, support) with suffix man.
Root: dhṛ (class 1)
Note: Refers to the threefold duties.
प्रोक्तः (proktaḥ) - declared. (declared; stated; said.)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of prokta
prokta - said, spoken, declared, proclaimed.
Past Passive Participle
From pra- + root vac- (to speak). vac becomes ukta.
Prefix: pra
Root: vac (class 2)
क्षिते (kṣite) - of the earth. (of the earth; of the land.)
(noun)
Genitive, feminine, singular of kṣiti
kṣiti - earth, land, ground, abode.
From root kṣi- (to dwell, rule, possess).
Root: kṣi (class 1)
Note: Qualifies rakṣā.
रक्षा (rakṣā) - protection. (protection; guarding; preservation.)
(noun)
Nominative, feminine, singular of rakṣā
rakṣā - protection, guarding, preserving, defence.
Action noun
From root rakṣ- (to protect) with suffix a.
Root: rakṣ (class 1)
Note: Part of Kṣatriya's livelihood.
शस्त्राजीवः (śastrājīvaḥ) - living by weapons. (livelihood by weapons; profession of arms.)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of śastrājīva
śastrājīva - living by means of weapons, profession of arms.
Compound of śastra and ājīva.
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (śastra+ājīva)
- śastra – weapon, instrument, tool.
noun (neuter)
From śas (to cut).
Root: śas (class 2) - ājīva – livelihood, profession, means of subsistence.
noun (masculine)
Action noun
From ā- + jīv (to live).
Prefix: ā
Root: jīv (class 1)
Note: Part of Kṣatriya's livelihood.
च (ca) - and. (and; also.)
(indeclinable)
जीविका (jīvikā) - livelihood. (livelihood; profession; means of living.)
(noun)
Nominative, feminine, singular of jīvikā
jīvikā - livelihood, profession, means of subsistence.
Action noun
From root jīv- (to live) with suffix ika.
Root: jīv (class 1)