मार्कण्डेय-पुराणम्
mārkaṇḍeya-purāṇam
-
chapter-28, verse-12
स्वाध्यायोऽथाग्रिशुश्रूषा स्नानं भिक्षाटनं तथा ।
गुरोर्निवेद्य तच्चान्नमनुज्ञातेन सर्वदा ॥१२॥
गुरोर्निवेद्य तच्चान्नमनुज्ञातेन सर्वदा ॥१२॥
12. svādhyāyo'thāgriśuśrūṣā snānaṃ bhikṣāṭanaṃ tathā .
gurornivedya taccānnamanujñātena sarvadā.
gurornivedya taccānnamanujñātena sarvadā.
12.
svādhyāyaḥ atha agniśuśrūṣā snānaṃ bhikṣāṭanaṃ
tathā guroḥ nivedya tat ca annam anujñātena sarvadā
tathā guroḥ nivedya tat ca annam anujñātena sarvadā
12.
Self-study (svādhyāya), then service to the sacred fire, bathing, and begging for alms; and always, after informing the guru, that food should be eaten with his permission.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- स्वाध्यायः (svādhyāyaḥ) - the study of the Vedas by oneself, as a daily duty (svādhyāya) (self-study, recitation of sacred texts)
- अथ (atha) - then, thereupon, now
- अग्निशुश्रूषा (agniśuśrūṣā) - ritual service or attendance to the sacred fire (agni) (service to fire, worship of fire)
- स्नानं (snānaṁ) - ritual bathing as part of daily duties (bathing, ablution)
- भिक्षाटनं (bhikṣāṭanaṁ) - the practice of a brahmacārī begging for food (begging for alms)
- तथा (tathā) - and, thus, likewise
- गुरोः (guroḥ) - of the teacher, from the teacher
- निवेद्य (nivedya) - after informing the guru about the collected alms (having informed, after informing, after presenting)
- तत् (tat) - that food (collected as alms) (that, it)
- च (ca) - and, also, moreover
- अन्नम् (annam) - food collected as alms (food, grain)
- अनुज्ञातेन (anujñātena) - with the guru's permission (by permission, by what is permitted)
- सर्वदा (sarvadā) - always, at all times
Words meanings and morphology
स्वाध्यायः (svādhyāyaḥ) - the study of the Vedas by oneself, as a daily duty (svādhyāya) (self-study, recitation of sacred texts)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of svādhyāya
svādhyāya - self-study, private study (especially of the Vedas), recitation
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (sva+adhyāya)
- sva – self, own
pronoun - adhyāya – study, reading, chapter
noun (masculine)
From adhi-√i (to go over, to study)
Prefix: adhi
Root: i (class 2)
अथ (atha) - then, thereupon, now
(indeclinable)
अग्निशुश्रूषा (agniśuśrūṣā) - ritual service or attendance to the sacred fire (agni) (service to fire, worship of fire)
(noun)
Nominative, feminine, singular of agniśuśrūṣā
agniśuśrūṣā - service to fire, worship of fire
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (agni+śuśrūṣā)
- agni – fire, sacred fire
noun (masculine) - śuśrūṣā – service, attendance, desire to hear or serve
noun (feminine)
Desiderative noun from root √śru (to hear)
Root: śru (class 5)
स्नानं (snānaṁ) - ritual bathing as part of daily duties (bathing, ablution)
(noun)
neuter, singular of snāna
snāna - bathing, ablution
From root √snā (to bathe) + -ana suffix
Root: snā (class 2)
भिक्षाटनं (bhikṣāṭanaṁ) - the practice of a brahmacārī begging for food (begging for alms)
(noun)
neuter, singular of bhikṣāṭana
bhikṣāṭana - begging for alms, wandering for alms
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (bhikṣā+aṭana)
- bhikṣā – alms, begging
noun (feminine)
From desiderative of √bhaj (to share, to obtain)
Root: bhaj (class 1) - aṭana – wandering, roaming
noun (neuter)
From root √aṭ (to wander) + -ana suffix
Root: aṭ (class 1)
तथा (tathā) - and, thus, likewise
(indeclinable)
From tad + thāl suffix
गुरोः (guroḥ) - of the teacher, from the teacher
(noun)
Genitive, masculine, singular of guru
guru - teacher, preceptor, spiritual guide (guru)
From root √gṛ (to praise, to call)
Root: gṛ (class 9)
निवेद्य (nivedya) - after informing the guru about the collected alms (having informed, after informing, after presenting)
(indeclinable)
absolutive/gerund
From root √vid (to know) with prefix ni-, and -ya suffix (absolutive)
Prefix: ni
Root: vid (class 6)
तत् (tat) - that food (collected as alms) (that, it)
(pronoun)
neuter, singular of tad
tad - that, he, she, it
च (ca) - and, also, moreover
(indeclinable)
अन्नम् (annam) - food collected as alms (food, grain)
(noun)
neuter, singular of anna
anna - food, grain, cooked rice
Past Passive Participle of √ad (to eat) + -na suffix
Root: ad (class 2)
अनुज्ञातेन (anujñātena) - with the guru's permission (by permission, by what is permitted)
(adjective)
Instrumental, neuter, singular of anujñāta
anujñāta - permitted, allowed, assented to
Past Passive Participle
From root √jñā (to know) with prefix anu-, and -ta suffix
Prefix: anu
Root: jñā (class 9)
Note: Implied 'tena' (by that, i.e., by permission).
सर्वदा (sarvadā) - always, at all times
(indeclinable)
From sarva + dā (suffix meaning 'at all times')