मार्कण्डेय-पुराणम् mārkaṇḍeya-purāṇam - chapter-28, verse-28

home » Scriptures Library » Markandeya Purana

View complete chapter

चतुर्थस्य स्वरूपं तु श्रुयतामाश्रमस्य मे ।
यः स्वधर्मोऽस्य धर्मज्ञैः प्रोक्तस्तात महात्मभिः ॥२८॥

28. caturthasya svarūpaṃ tu śruyatāmāśramasya me .
yaḥ svadharmo'sya dharmajñaiḥ proktastāta mahātmabhiḥ.

28. caturthasya svarūpam tu śruyatām āśramasya me yaḥ
svadharmaḥ asya dharmajñaiḥ proktaḥ tāta mahātmabhiḥ

28. O dear one (tāta), listen now to me about the intrinsic nature (svarūpa) of the fourth stage of life (āśrama), specifically its distinct natural law (svadharma) as declared by great souls (mahātman) who are knowers of natural law (dharma).

Words meanings summery:

(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)

चतुर्थस्य (caturthasya) - of the fourth

स्वरूपम् (svarūpam) - intrinsic nature, own form, identity

तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

श्रुयताम् (śruyatām) - let it be heard

आश्रमस्य (āśramasya) - of the stage of life, of the hermitage

मे (me) - by me, from me

यः (yaḥ) - who, which

स्वधर्मः (svadharmaḥ) - one's own natural law, duty, specific constitution (dharma)

अस्य (asya) - Refers to the fourth āśrama. (of this)

धर्मज्ञैः (dharmajñaiḥ) - by those who know natural law (dharma)

प्रोक्तः (proktaḥ) - declared, stated, said

तात (tāta) - A term of address, like 'dear child' or 'O respected one'. (dear one, father)

महात्मभिः (mahātmabhiḥ) - by great souls, by noble ones (mahātman)

Words meanings and morphology

चतुर्थस्य (caturthasya) - of the fourth

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of caturtha

caturtha - fourth

Note: Agrees with `āśramasya`.

स्वरूपम् (svarūpam) - intrinsic nature, own form, identity

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of svarūpa

svarūpa - own form, intrinsic nature, identity, true nature

Compound type : tatpurusha (sva+rūpa)

sva – own, self
pronoun (neuter)
rūpa – form, shape, nature
noun (neuter)

Note: Object of `śruyatām`.

तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

(indeclinable)

Note: Used for emphasis or transition.

श्रुयताम् (śruyatām) - let it be heard

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, imperative (loṭ) of śru

Third person singular, passive imperative

Root śru, 3rd class, Passive, Imperative (Loṭ), ātmanepada, 3rd singular

Root: śru (class 5)

आश्रमस्य (āśramasya) - of the stage of life, of the hermitage

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of āśrama

āśrama - stage of life, hermitage, abode, effort

From root śram (to toil, exert) with prefix ā-

Prefix: ā

Root: śram (class 4)

Note: Modifies `svarūpam`.

मे (me) - by me, from me

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of asmad

asmad - I, me

Note: Used as agent with passive verb (`śruyatām`).

यः (yaḥ) - who, which

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what

Note: Refers to `svadharmaḥ`.

स्वधर्मः (svadharmaḥ) - one's own natural law, duty, specific constitution (dharma)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of svadharma

svadharma - one's own natural law, duty, specific constitution (dharma)

Compound type : tatpurusha (sva+dharma)

sva – own, self
pronoun (neuter)
dharma – natural law, duty, righteousness, intrinsic nature, constitution
noun (masculine)
Root: dhṛ (class 1)

Note: Predicate nominative for `yaḥ`.

अस्य (asya) - Refers to the fourth āśrama. (of this)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this

Note: Refers to the `āśrama`.

धर्मज्ञैः (dharmajñaiḥ) - by those who know natural law (dharma)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of dharmajña

dharmajña - knower of natural law (dharma)

Compound type : tatpurusha (dharma+jña)

dharma – natural law, duty, righteousness, intrinsic nature, constitution
noun (masculine)
Root: dhṛ (class 1)
jña – knower, understanding
noun (masculine)
From root jñā (to know)
Root: jñā (class 9)

Note: Agent with passive `proktaḥ`.

प्रोक्तः (proktaḥ) - declared, stated, said

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of prokta

prokta - declared, stated, said, spoken

Past Passive Participle

Derived from the root vac (to speak) with the prefix pra- and the past passive participle suffix -kta.

Prefix: pra

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Agrees with `yaḥ svadharmaḥ`.

तात (tāta) - A term of address, like 'dear child' or 'O respected one'. (dear one, father)

(noun)