मार्कण्डेय-पुराणम्
mārkaṇḍeya-purāṇam
-
chapter-19, verse-23
इत्याज्ञप्तेन तद्राष्ट्रे कश्चिदायुधधृङ्नरः ।
तमृते पुरुषव्याघ्रं बभूवोरुपराक्रमः ॥२३॥
तमृते पुरुषव्याघ्रं बभूवोरुपराक्रमः ॥२३॥
23. ityājñaptena tadrāṣṭre kaścidāyudhadhṛṅnaraḥ .
tamṛte puruṣavyāghraṃ babhūvoruparākramaḥ.
tamṛte puruṣavyāghraṃ babhūvoruparākramaḥ.
23.
iti ājñāptena tat rāṣṭre kaścit āyudhadhṛk naraḥ
tam ṛte puruṣavyāghram babhūva uruparākramaḥ
tam ṛte puruṣavyāghram babhūva uruparākramaḥ
23.
Thus, following the command, in that kingdom, there was no armed man of great valor except for that tiger among men (puruṣavyāghra).
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- इति (iti) - thus, so, in this manner, as follows
- आज्ञाप्तेन (ājñāptena) - by the command given or issued (by one commanded, by order, by instruction)
- तत् (tat) - that kingdom (that)
- राष्ट्रे (rāṣṭre) - in the kingdom, in the country
- कश्चित् (kaścit) - no one (due to implied negation with ṛte) (someone, a certain, any)
- आयुधधृक् (āyudhadhṛk) - weapon-wielder, armed
- नरः (naraḥ) - man, person
- तम् (tam) - that specific person (the puruṣavyāghra) (him, that)
- ऋते (ṛte) - without, except for, apart from
- पुरुषव्याघ्रम् (puruṣavyāghram) - tiger among men, best of men, excellent man
- बभूव (babhūva) - became, was
- उरुपराक्रमः (uruparākramaḥ) - of great valor, immense prowess, mighty
Words meanings and morphology
इति (iti) - thus, so, in this manner, as follows
(indeclinable)
आज्ञाप्तेन (ājñāptena) - by the command given or issued (by one commanded, by order, by instruction)
(adjective)
Instrumental, masculine, singular of ājñāpta
ājñāpta - commanded, ordered, instructed
Past Passive Participle
Derived from the causative form of √jñā (to know) with the prefix ā (to), then the kta suffix.
Prefix: ā
Root: jñā (class 9)
तत् (tat) - that kingdom (that)
(pronoun)
Nominative, neuter, singular of tad
tad - that, he, she, it
Note: Used here adjectivally, agreeing with 'rāṣṭre' in implied gender, number, and case.
राष्ट्रे (rāṣṭre) - in the kingdom, in the country
(noun)
Locative, neuter, singular of rāṣṭra
rāṣṭra - kingdom, country, realm, state
कश्चित् (kaścit) - no one (due to implied negation with ṛte) (someone, a certain, any)
(pronoun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of kaścid
kaścid - someone, a certain, any
Formed from the interrogative pronoun 'kim' and the particle 'cit'.
Note: In this context, with 'ṛte' (except for), it implies a negative sense: 'no one'.
आयुधधृक् (āyudhadhṛk) - weapon-wielder, armed
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of āyudhadhṛk
āyudhadhṛk - weapon-wielder, armed
Nominal derivative from the root √dhṛ (to hold) in conjunction with 'āyudha'.
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (āyudha+dhṛk)
- āyudha – weapon, implement
noun (neuter) - dhṛk – holding, bearing
adjective
Derived from the root √dhṛ (to hold).
Root: dhṛ (class 1)
Note: Agrees with 'naraḥ'.
नरः (naraḥ) - man, person
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of nara
nara - man, person, human being
तम् (tam) - that specific person (the puruṣavyāghra) (him, that)
(pronoun)
Accusative, masculine, singular of tad
tad - that, he, she, it
Note: Serves as the object of the postposition 'ṛte'.
ऋते (ṛte) - without, except for, apart from
(indeclinable)
पुरुषव्याघ्रम् (puruṣavyāghram) - tiger among men, best of men, excellent man
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, singular of puruṣavyāghra
puruṣavyāghra - tiger among men, best of men, excellent man
A compound where the second term (vyāghra - tiger) serves to metaphorically qualify the first (puruṣa - man), indicating excellence.
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (puruṣa+vyāghra)
- puruṣa – man, person, male, the supreme cosmic person (puruṣa)
noun (masculine) - vyāghra – tiger
noun (masculine)
Note: Serves as the object of the postposition 'ṛte'.
बभूव (babhūva) - became, was
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of bhū
Perfect tense (Liṭ-lakāra), 3rd person singular, active voice.
Root: bhū (class 1)
उरुपराक्रमः (uruparākramaḥ) - of great valor, immense prowess, mighty
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of uruparākrama
uruparākrama - of great valor, immense prowess, mighty
Compound describing someone who possesses great valor.
Compound type : bahuvrīhi (uru+parākrama)
- uru – great, vast, wide, important
adjective - parākrama – valor, prowess, might, courage
noun (masculine)
Derived from the root √kram (to step, stride) with the prefix parā (away, beyond).
Prefix: parā
Root: kram (class 1)
Note: Refers to the 'puruṣavyāghra'.